壬苯醇醚

壬苯醇醚
别名	壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚
识别
CAS号	9016-45-9
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

壬苯醇醚是一种非离子性的表面活性剂，常用来作为清洁剂、乳化剂、表面活性剂及消泡剂（英语：defoamer）。其中最常提及的化合物壬苯醇醚-9（英语：nonoxynol-9）是杀精剂，是阴道用泡沫及乳霜的成分之一。在实验室中对实验动物注射壬苯醇醚，发现可以代谢为壬基酚^[1]。Arkopal-N60中平均有六个乙二醇单位，也是相关的表面活性剂。

制备

壬苯醇醚可以由烷基酚的乙氧基化而成。其反应物壬基酚可以由酚和壬烯混合后反应而得。

有关毒性的议题

自1990年起开始关注壬苯醇醚对环境的影响。此表面活性剂有轻微到中等程度的雌激素功能^[2]，因此在欧洲这类的清洁剂已在限制使用在清洁下水道的产品中，美国的清洁剂厂商也不使用这类的化合物^[3]。

2011年针对美国十四种品牌的衣物调查，包括爱迪达、优衣库、卡尔文·克雷恩、H&M、Abercrombie & Fitch、拉科斯特、 Converse、Ralph Lauren等 ^[4]^[5]，结果发现有残余的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。

参考资料

^ Sonnenschein, Carlos, and Ana M. Soto. "An Updated Review of Environmental Estrogen and Androgen Mimics and Antagonists." The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 65.1-6 (1998): 143-50.
^ Comparison of protein expression in plasma from nonylphenol and bisphenol A-exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) by use of SELDI-TOF. Larsen Bodil K; Bjornstad Anne; Sundt Rolf C; Taban Ingrid C; Pampanin Daniela M; Andersen Odd Ketil International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) AS, Mekjarvik 12, N-4070 Randaberg, Norway Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2006), 78 Suppl 1 S25-33.
^ "Going green" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, cover story in chemical and Engineering Letters, vol. 85, No. 5, January 2007
^ Heimbuch, Jaymi. Big-Brand Clothing Found Laced with Toxic Chemicals. TreeHugger. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.
^ Dirty Laundry 2: Hung Out to Dry | Greenpeace Africa. Greenpeace.org. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-04）.

外部链接

J.K.G. Dondt, G. Gomppner, D. Richter (Eds) Soft matter: complex materials on mesoscopic scales - Schriften des Forschungszentrum Jülich, Vol. 10, 2002.

[1] Sonnenschein, Carlos, and Ana M. Soto. "An Updated Review of Environmental Estrogen and Androgen Mimics and Antagonists." The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 65.1-6 (1998): 143-50.

[2] Comparison of protein expression in plasma from nonylphenol and bisphenol A-exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) by use of SELDI-TOF. Larsen Bodil K; Bjornstad Anne; Sundt Rolf C; Taban Ingrid C; Pampanin Daniela M; Andersen Odd Ketil International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) AS, Mekjarvik 12, N-4070 Randaberg, Norway Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2006), 78 Suppl 1 S25-33.

[3] "Going green" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, cover story in chemical and Engineering Letters, vol. 85, No. 5, January 2007

[4] Heimbuch, Jaymi. Big-Brand Clothing Found Laced with Toxic Chemicals. TreeHugger. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.

[5] Dirty Laundry 2: Hung Out to Dry | Greenpeace Africa. Greenpeace.org. 2011-08-23 [2013-02-09]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-04）.

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