维基百科

极端民族主义

（重定向自極端民族主義）

极端民族主义（英语：Ultranationalism，也译为超国家主义[1]或超民族主义[2]）是一种极端的民族主义，将一国或一族人的利益置于所有他人之上，或简单的说是“对自己民族极端的崇拜”（extreme devotion to one's own nation）。[3][4]

极端民族主义与国家复兴是法西斯主义的关键基础。[5]

根据加努斯·布加杰斯基（英语：Janusz Bugajski）的说法，在最极端或发展到终极形态时，极端民族主义类似于法西斯主义，其特点是仇外蔑视，支持专制政治并靠近极权主义 ，强调魅力型领袖，一个组织上无定形的运动型政党，以及国家之间的“有机统一”。 [6]

罗杰·格里芬（英语：Roger Griffin）断言，极端民族主义本质上是仇外的，并且会通过神化自己历史上的伟大成就，或者强调对历史宿敌的仇恨来实现自身的合法化。它有时还会利用庸俗的体质人类学、遗传学和优生学来对种族优越感和种族前途做合理化解释，并衬托其他种族的堕落和劣等的观念。 [7]

极端民族主义政党 编辑

二战后被认为过是极端民族主义者的政党：

参见 编辑

参考 编辑

  1. ^ 汪宏伦. 從《戰爭論》到《新歷史教科書》：試論日本當代民族主義的怨恨心態及其制度成因 (PDF). 台湾社会学. 2010-06, (十九): 148–200 [2020-08-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-05-27）. 
  2. ^ 白永瑞. 东亚地域秩序: 超越帝国, 走向东亚共同体 (PDF). 《思想》. 2006年9月, (3): 36–44 [2020-08-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-05-27）. 
  3. ^ Ultranationalism （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Oxford English Dictionary. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  4. ^ Ultranationalism （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  5. ^ Roger Griffin, "Nationalism" in Cyprian Blamires, ed., World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006), pp. 451–53.
  6. ^ The Politics of National Minority Participation in Post-communist Europe （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. EastWest Institute. p.65. Section author - Janusz Bugajski. Book edited by Johnathan P.Stein. Published by M.E. Sharpe. Published in New York in 2000. Retrieved via Google Books.
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