三尖角鲨属学名Thrinacodus)为已灭绝板鳃亚纲基群演化支,属于亮齿鲨类英语Phoebodontiformes[1],生存于泥盆纪晚期至石炭纪晚期的全球海域,其模式种为Thrinacodus nanus[2],本属大多数物种目前仅有发现它们的三尖齿化石。原先被认为属于尖喙鳗鲨属(Thrinacoselache)的T. gracia,化石发现于谢尔普霍夫期时期的美国蒙大拿州熊谷石灰岩矿床英语Bear Gulch Limestone,是迄今为止唯一发现保留有全身骨架的三尖角鲨属物种。从化石上可以发现,T. gracia具有细长,与现存鳗鱼类似的身体,体长约1米(3英尺3英寸),并具备同样细长的吻突[3][4][1]T. gracia的胃部内容物包含了甲壳类的残骸以及小型软骨鱼纲的遗骸,分别属于刺突鲛属英语Harpagofututor镰鳍鲨属[3]

三尖角鲨属
化石时期:法门期 - 谢尔普霍夫期 Famennian至Serpukhovian
复原图
牙齿化石
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 软骨鱼纲 Chondrichthyes
亚纲: 板鳃亚纲 Elasmobranchii
演化支 亮齿鲨类 Phoebodontiformes
属: 三尖角鲨属 Thrinacodus
St. John and Worthen, 1875
  • Thrinacodus tranquillus Ginter, 2000
  • Thrinacodus gracia (Grogan & Lund, 2008)
  • Thrinacodus ferox (Turner, 1982)
  • Thrinacodus nanus St. John and Worthen, 1875
  • Thrinacodus bicuspidatus Ginter and Sun, 2007
  • Thrinacodus dziki Ginter et al. 2014
异名
  • Thrinacoselache Grogan & Lund, 2008

参考文献 编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Frey, Linda; Coates, Michael; Ginter, Michał; Hairapetian, Vachik; Rücklin, Martin; Jerjen, Iwan; Klug, Christian. The early elasmobranch Phoebodus: phylogenetic relationships, ecomorphology and a new time-scale for shark evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2019-10-09, 286 (1912): 20191336. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 6790773 . PMID 31575362. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.1336. 
  2. ^ Brett Roelofs, Milo Barham, Arthur J. Mory, Kate Trinajstics. Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous chondrichthyans from the Fairfield Group, Canning Basin, Western Australia. Palaeontologia Electronica. January 2016, 19 (1): 1-28. doi:10.26879/583. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Grogan, Eileen D.; Lund, Richard. A basal elasmobranch, Thrinacoselache gracia n. gen and sp., (Thrinacodontidae, new family) from the Bear Gulch Limestone, Serpukhovian of Montana, USA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2008, 28 (4): 970–988. S2CID 84735866. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.970. 
  4. ^ Ginter, Michał; Turner, Susan. The middle Paleozoic Selachian genus Thrinacodus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2010-12-02, 30 (6): 1666–1672. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86058786. doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.520785.