人民保护部队

人民保护部队（库尔德语：Yekîneyên Parastina Gel‎，缩写为YPG）是叙利亚库尔德人政党民主联盟党（PYD）的下属军事组织。^[1]^[2] 这支部队成立初期，在叙利亚内战中采取守势，^[1]^[3]对抗其它试图占据叙利亚库尔德族地区的非库尔德族武装。其后，人民保护部队开始进攻被伊斯兰国占领及主要由阿拉伯人居住的叙利亚其它地区。^[4]

2012年7月，人民保护部队逐走驻守科巴尼的叙利亚政府军，并夺取阿穆达和阿夫林。^[5]^[6]至2012年12月，人民保护部队已扩充至8个旅。^[7]

人民保护部队自从逐走艾因角的圣战分子后，与伊斯兰主义武装分子开始了冲突。^[8]

2014年，人民保护部队与自由叙利亚军合作，对抗拉卡省的伊斯兰国武装。^[9]到2015年，人民保卫军的兵力约有25,000人；自由叙利亚军和一些伊斯兰主义武装团体反对人民保卫军进占阿拉伯人居住地区，他们指控人民保护部队在占领的村庄驱逐阿拉伯人。^[10]

人民保护部队有一支对应的专由女性组成的部队：妇女保护部队。

人民保护部队是2015年10月成立的“叙利亚民主力量”的成员之一。

人民保护部队是一支轻型步兵部队，军事装备有限，装甲车辆也很少。据土耳其国营阿纳多卢通讯社报导，美军提供了7.15亿美元的武器装备援助，提供的重型武器包括TOW美国反坦克导弹。

2016：幼发拉底之盾行动

2016年8月24日，土耳其展开名为“幼发拉底之盾行动”的军事攻势，土耳其军队协助亲土耳其武装分子夺取叙利亚北部边境城镇贾拉布鲁斯后，开始攻击附近的人民保护部队控制区。^[11]

2018：橄榄枝行动

参见

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Gold, Danny. Meet the YPG, the Kurdish militia that doesn't want help from anyone. VICE. 31 October 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-13）. A member of YPG’s central command … said that the YPG formed in 2004 shortly after the Qamishlo riots, when a number of Kurdish youth realized that they needed to be able to defend themselves more efficiently. They did not officially declare themselves until the revolution started in 2011. 参数|magazine=与模板{{cite news}}不匹配（建议改用{{cite magazine}}或|newspaper=） (帮助)
^ van Wilgenburg, Wladimir. Conflict intensifies in Kurdish area of Syria. Al-Monitor. 5 April 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014年10月15日）.
^ YPG Commander: Kurds Are Bulwark Against Islamic Extremism in Syria. Rudaw. 22 July 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-13）.
^ Pitarakis, Lefteris; Mroue, Bassem. Thousands of Syrians flee into Turkey amid intense fighting. AP. 14 June 2015 [2015-07-30]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-17）. Thousands of Syrians cut through a border fence and crossed over into Turkey … fleeing intense fighting … between Kurdish fighters and jihadis.
^ Ahmed, Hevidar. Liberated Kurdish cities in Syrian Kurdistan move into next phase. Rudaw (Erbil, Iraq). 25 July 2012 [28 July 2012]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-27）.
^ Kurds Give Ultimatum to Syrian Security Forces. Rudaw. 21 July 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-27）.
^ The Kurdish Protection Units have formed a new brigade in the Al–Bab region. Scientia Humana. 4 December 2012 [18 December 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013年1月8日）. Kurdish Information Center
^ Kurds expel jihadists from flashpoint Syrian town: NGO. AFP. 17 July 2013 [13 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26）.
^ FSA and YPG cooperate against ISIL militants in Syria's Tel Abyad. ARA News. 12 May 2014 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014年10月8日）.
^ 对立派系及分析家:将受美国军援的叙反抗武装不靠谱. 美国之音. 2015-10-07.
^ Turkey ramps up Syria offensive with deadly bombings. Daily Mail Online. 2016-08-28 [2016-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-29）.

[Vice-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Gold, Danny. Meet the YPG, the Kurdish militia that doesn't want help from anyone. VICE. 31 October 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-13）. A member of YPG’s central command … said that the YPG formed in 2004 shortly after the Qamishlo riots, when a number of Kurdish youth realized that they needed to be able to defend themselves more efficiently. They did not officially declare themselves until the revolution started in 2011. 参数|magazine=与模板{{cite news}}不匹配（建议改用{{cite magazine}}或|newspaper=） (帮助)

[2] van Wilgenburg, Wladimir. Conflict intensifies in Kurdish area of Syria. Al-Monitor. 5 April 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014年10月15日）.

[3] YPG Commander: Kurds Are Bulwark Against Islamic Extremism in Syria. Rudaw. 22 July 2013 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-07-13）.

[pitarakis-4] Pitarakis, Lefteris; Mroue, Bassem. Thousands of Syrians flee into Turkey amid intense fighting. AP. 14 June 2015 [2015-07-30]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-17）. Thousands of Syrians cut through a border fence and crossed over into Turkey … fleeing intense fighting … between Kurdish fighters and jihadis.

[lib-5] Ahmed, Hevidar. Liberated Kurdish cities in Syrian Kurdistan move into next phase. Rudaw (Erbil, Iraq). 25 July 2012 [28 July 2012]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-27）.

[6] Kurds Give Ultimatum to Syrian Security Forces. Rudaw. 21 July 2012 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-27）.

[7] The Kurdish Protection Units have formed a new brigade in the Al–Bab region. Scientia Humana. 4 December 2012 [18 December 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013年1月8日）. Kurdish Information Center

[8] Kurds expel jihadists from flashpoint Syrian town: NGO. AFP. 17 July 2013 [13 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26）.

[9] FSA and YPG cooperate against ISIL militants in Syria's Tel Abyad. ARA News. 12 May 2014 [9 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014年10月8日）.

[10] 对立派系及分析家:将受美国军援的叙反抗武装不靠谱. 美国之音. 2015-10-07.

[40dead-11] Turkey ramps up Syria offensive with deadly bombings. Daily Mail Online. 2016-08-28 [2016-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-29）.

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