位点特异性重组
位点特异性重组（Site-specific recombination）是生物基因重组的一种机制，即两段具有一定同源序列的DNA发生重组[1][2][3]，此过程中两段DNA序列会发先发生联会，位点特异性重组酶（SSR）会与DNA结合，切割两段DNA后促进酯交换反应，使一段DNA与另一段DNA连接-而形成霍利迪交叉，再进行第二次切割而得到重组过的两段DNA[4][5]。重组酶可分为酪胺酸重组酶（如Cre重组酶与FLP重组酶）与丝胺酸重组酶（如γδ解离酶与Tn3解离酶）两大类，两者结构与详细反应机理均不同[6][7]，前者仅分别切割两段DNA的一股，后者则将两段共4股DNA都切割[8]。
位点特异性重组的特异性很高[9]，在DNA复制与可动遗传因子插入等过程中会发生[10]，也被用作基因工程的一项技术[11]。此重组依重复片段的排列状况可能有整合、切除与倒位三种结果，两段不同DNA间的位点特异性重组可造成一段DNA被整合进另一段DNA中，同DNA中两段同向序列的位点特异性重组可造成中间的序列被移除，而两段反向序列的位点特异性重组则可造成中间序列倒位[12]。
参见 编辑
参考文献 编辑
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- ^ Kolb, A.F. Genome Engineering Using Site-Specific Recombinases. Cloning & Stem Cells. 2002, 4 (1): 65–80. PMID 12006158. doi:10.1089/153623002753632066.
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- ^ Van Duyne, G.D. A structural view of tyrosine recombinase site-specific recombination. Mobile DNA II. ASM Press. 2002: 93–117.
- ^ Holliday, R. A mechanism for gene conversion in fungi (PDF). Genetics Research. 1964, 5 (2): 282–304 [2021-05-07]. doi:10.1017/S0016672300001233. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-05-21）.
- ^ Abdel-Meguid, S.S.; Grindley, N.D.; Templeton, N.S.; Steitz, T.A. Cleavage of the site-specific recombination protein gamma delta resolvase: the smaller of two fragments binds DNA specifically. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. April 1984, 81 (7): 2001–5. Bibcode:1984PNAS...81.2001A. PMC 345424
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- ^ Yang, W.; Steitz, T.A. Crystal structure of the site-specific recombinase gamma delta resolvase complexed with a 34 bp cleavage site. Cell. 1995, 82 (2): 193–207. PMID 7628011. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90307-0.
- ^ Stark, W.M.; Boocock, M.R.; Sherratt, DJ. Catalysis by site-specific recombinases. Trends in Genetics. 1992, 8 (12): 432–9. PMID 1337225. doi:10.1016/0168-9525(92)90327-Z.
- ^ Sauer, B. Inducible Gene Targeting in Mice Using the Cre/loxSystem (PDF). Methods. 1998, 14 (4): 381–92. PMID 9608509. doi:10.1006/meth.1998.0593. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-11）.
- ^ Nash, H. A. (1996). Site-specific recombination: integration, excision, resolution, and inversion of defined DNA segments. Escherichia coli and Salmonella: cellular and molecular biology, 2, pp. 2363–2376.
- ^ Akopian, A.; Stark, W.M. Site-Specific DNA Recombinases as Instruments for Genomic Surgery. Advances in Genetics 55. 2005: 1–23. ISBN 978-0-12-017655-7. PMID 16291210. doi:10.1016/S0065-2660(05)55001-6.
- ^ Grindley ND, Whiteson KL, Rice PA. Mechanisms of site-specific recombination.. Annu Rev Biochem. 2006, 75: 567–605. PMID 16756503. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.73.011303.073908.
