布勒内湾

布勒内湾（英语：Burrard Inlet）是位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的峡湾（内湾（英语：Inlet）），于对上一次冰河时期时形成，并是温哥华港的所在。西起乔治亚海峡，东至满地宝，从西至东长约25公里，沿岸大部分地区皆已都市化。内湾沿岸的城镇包括温哥华市、伯纳比、满地宝、西温区、北温区和北温市；后三者坐落内湾的北岸，合称为北岸城镇（英语：North Shore (Greater Vancouver)）。大致呈南北走向的印第安湾（英语：Indian Arm）则于满地宝以西约12公里处与布勒内湾汇合，并向北伸延约20公里。

现时共有三条天桥横跨布勒内湾，由西至东分别为狮门桥、钢铁工人纪念第二海峡桥以及第二海峡铁路桥（英语：Second Narrows Bridge）。此外，海上巴士亦在湾内提供来往温哥华市中心和北温市的载客渡轮服务。

历史

现布勒内湾一带原为海岸沙利殊（英语：Coast Salish）原住民的聚居地。西班牙探险家胡安·卡拉斯科（英语：Juan Carrasco (explorer)）和荷西·玛利亚·纳尔维斯（英语：José María Narváez）于1791年驶船进入内湾的西部。^[1]英国船长乔治·温哥华则于1792年航行至此处，并将之命名为“布勒内湾”以纪念英国海军上将哈利·布勒-尼尔（英语：Harry Burrard-Neale）。^[2]

英国海军部于1888年发行的报告中如此形容布勒内湾：

与北美西岸的其它大海湾不同，布勒内湾可容许任何大小的蒸汽船方便进出，湾内大部分水域的深度亦足以让船只停泊。它也接近弗雷泽河，两者之间可开拓道路来连接，而海湾也成为太平洋与加拿大铁路的终点站；种种因素令此内湾更具重要性。内湾可细分成三个不同的海港：英吉利湾，即外港；在第一海峡邻的温哥华（前称高豪港）；以及位于内湾东端的满地宝。^{[注 1]}^[3]

参考资料及备注

^ Kendrick, John. The Voyage of Sutil and Mexicana, 1792: The last Spanish exploration of the Northwest Coast of America. Spokane, Washington: The Arthur H. Clark Company. 1990: 19. ISBN 0-87062-203-X.
^ Bartroli, Thomas. Genesis of Vancouver City. Vancouver: (Self-published). 1997
^ Hydrographic Office of the British Admiralty (1888). The British Columbia Pilot. London, UK: Hydrographic Department of the Admiralty. Page 136.

备注

^ 原文为：“Burrard inlet differs from most of the great sounds of this coast in being comparatively easy of access to steam vessels of any size or class, and in the convenient depth of water for anchorage which may be found in almost every part of it; its close proximity to Fraser river, with the great facilities for constructing roads between the two places, and its having become the terminus of the Pacific and Canadian Railway, likewise add considerably to its importance. It is divided into three distinct harbours, viz., English bay or the outer anchorage; Vancouver (formerly called Coal harbour), above the First Narrows; and Port Moody at the head of the eastern arm of the inlet.”

外部链接

Fisheries and Oceans Canada | Pacific Region | Indian Arm-Burrard Inlet （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）加拿大联邦渔业及海洋部印第安湾-布勒内湾页面

49°18′15″N 123°12′56″W / 49.30417°N 123.21556°W / 49.30417; -123.21556 (Burrard Inlet)

[1] Kendrick, John. The Voyage of Sutil and Mexicana, 1792: The last Spanish exploration of the Northwest Coast of America. Spokane, Washington: The Arthur H. Clark Company. 1990: 19. ISBN 0-87062-203-X.

[gencity-2] Bartroli, Thomas. Genesis of Vancouver City. Vancouver: (Self-published). 1997

[4] Hydrographic Office of the British Admiralty (1888). The British Columbia Pilot. London, UK: Hydrographic Department of the Admiralty. Page 136.

[BCPilot-3] 原文为：“Burrard inlet differs from most of the great sounds of this coast in being comparatively easy of access to steam vessels of any size or class, and in the convenient depth of water for anchorage which may be found in almost every part of it; its close proximity to Fraser river, with the great facilities for constructing roads between the two places, and its having become the terminus of the Pacific and Canadian Railway, likewise add considerably to its importance. It is divided into three distinct harbours, viz., English bay or the outer anchorage; Vancouver (formerly called Coal harbour), above the First Narrows; and Port Moody at the head of the eastern arm of the inlet.”

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