斜方肌(Trapezius),是将头部和肩部向后拉的背部肌肉。两块斜方肌从脊椎头骨底部,经过背部和肩部连接到肩胛骨锁骨。他们可使头部抬起和倾斜,并使双肩抬起或稳定。两者共同形成一个称为斜方型的四边形,其名称即来自于此。

斜方肌
斜方肌
连接上肢躯干,斜方肌位于左上方
基本信息
起点英语Anatomical terms of muscle#Insertion_and_originexternal occipital protuberance, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12, Nuchal ligament, Occipital Bone[1]

Medial one-third of superior nuchal line External occipital protuberance Ligamentum nuchae T1-T12 spine

Corresponding supraspinous ligaments
终点英语Anatomical terms of muscle#Insertion_and_originposterior border of the lateral one-third of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
动脉superficial branch of transverse cervical artery or superficial cervical artery [2]
神经accessory nerve (motor)
cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (motor and sensation)[3]
相关动作英语KinesiologyRotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula
拮抗肌英语Antagonist (muscle)前锯肌背阔肌胸大肌
标识字符
拉丁文Musculus trapezius
TA98A04.3.01.001
TA22226
FMAFMA:9626
格雷氏p.432
肌肉解剖学术语英语Anatomical terms of muscle

斜方肌起于枕外隆凸和枕骨上颈线内三分之一段、颈韧带、第七颈椎棘突、所有胸椎棘突和相应的棘上韧带。上束纤维向外和侧方延续,止于锁骨的外侧三分之一后缘;其功能为上举及外旋肩胛骨,协助头部后仰,侧屈及旋转。下束的纤维向上和侧方走行。在肩胛附近聚合成一个腱膜,在肩胛冈内侧的三角滑面可以滑动,止于其尖端的一个结节;其功能为下压肩胛骨。中束纤维水平走行,止于肩峰内侧缘,肩胛冈后缘的上唇;其功能为内收(缩回)肩胛骨。

来源

编辑

外部链接

编辑
  1. ^ Rockwood, Charles A. The Shoulder. 2009-01-01 [2020-09-26]. ISBN 978-1416034278. (原始内容存档于2021-04-28). 
  2. ^ Tufts. [2007-12-11]. (原始内容存档于2003-04-22). 
  3. ^ Arthur F. Dalley, Keith L. Moore, Anne M.R. Agur. Clinically oriented anatomy 6th [International]. Philadelphia [etc.]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer. 2010: 700. ISBN 978-1-60547-652-0.