有理函数积分表

以下是部分有理函数的积分表。

$\int (ax+b)^{n}dx={\frac {(ax+b)^{n+1}}{a(n+1)}}+C\qquad (n\neq -1)$

$\int {\frac {1}{ax+b}}dx={\frac {1}{a}}\ln \left|ax+b\right|+C$

$\int x(ax+b)^{n}dx={\frac {a(n+1)x-b}{a^{2}(n+1)(n+2)}}(ax+b)^{n+1}+C\qquad (n\not \in \{1,2\})$

$\int {\frac {x}{ax+b}}dx={\frac {x}{a}}-{\frac {b}{a^{2}}}\ln \left|ax+b\right|+C$

$\int {\frac {x}{(ax+b)^{2}}}dx={\frac {b}{a^{2}(ax+b)}}+{\frac {1}{a^{2}}}\ln \left|ax+b\right|+C$

$\int {\frac {x}{(ax+b)^{n}}}dx={\frac {a(1-n)x-b}{a^{2}(n-1)(n-2)(ax+b)^{n-1}}}+C\qquad (n\not \in \{1,2\})$

$\int {\frac {x^{2}}{ax+b}}dx={\frac {1}{a^{3}}}\left[{\frac {(ax+b)^{2}}{2}}-2b(ax+b)+b^{2}\ln \left|ax+b\right|\right]+C$

$\int {\frac {x^{2}}{(ax+b)^{2}}}dx={\frac {1}{a^{3}}}\left(ax+b-2b\ln \left|ax+b\right|-{\frac {b^{2}}{ax+b}}\right)+C$

$\int {\frac {x^{2}}{(ax+b)^{3}}}dx={\frac {1}{a^{3}}}\left[\ln \left|ax+b\right|+{\frac {2b}{ax+b}}-{\frac {b^{2}}{2(ax+b)^{2}}}\right]+C$

$\int {\frac {x^{2}}{(ax+b)^{n}}}dx={\frac {1}{a^{3}}}\left[-{\frac {1}{(n-3)(ax+b)^{n-3}}}+{\frac {2b}{(n-2)(ax+b)^{n-2}}}-{\frac {b^{2}}{(n-1)(ax+b)^{n-1}}}\right]+C\qquad$

$(n\not \in \{1,2,3\})$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x(ax+b)}}=-{\frac {1}{b}}\ln \left|{\frac {ax+b}{x}}\right|+C$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x^{2}(ax+b)}}=-{\frac {1}{bx}}+{\frac {a}{b^{2}}}\ln \left|{\frac {ax+b}{x}}\right|+C$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x^{2}(ax+b)^{2}}}=-a\left[{\frac {1}{b^{2}(ax+b)}}+{\frac {1}{ab^{2}x}}-{\frac {2}{b^{3}}}\ln \left|{\frac {ax+b}{x}}\right|\right]+C$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x^{2}+a^{2}}}={\frac {1}{a}}\arctan {\frac {x}{a}}+C$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x^{2}-a^{2}}}=-{\frac {1}{a}}\,\mathrm {artanh} {\frac {x}{a}}={\frac {1}{2a}}\ln {\frac {a-x}{a+x}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}|x|<|a|{\mbox{)}}\,\!$

$\int {\frac {dx}{x^{2}-a^{2}}}=-{\frac {1}{a}}\,\mathrm {arcoth} {\frac {x}{a}}={\frac {1}{2a}}\ln {\frac {x-a}{x+a}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}|x|>|a|{\mbox{)}}\,\!$

$\int {\frac {dx}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}={\frac {2}{\sqrt {4ac-b^{2}}}}\arctan {\frac {2ax+b}{\sqrt {4ac-b^{2}}}}+C,(4ac-b^{2}>0)$

$\int {\frac {dx}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}={\frac {2}{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}\,\mathrm {artanh} {\frac {2ax+b}{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}+C={\frac {1}{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}\ln \left|{\frac {2ax+b-{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2ax+b+{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}}\right|+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}4ac-b^{2}<0{\mbox{)}}$

$\int {\frac {dx}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}=-{\frac {2}{2ax+b}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}4ac-b^{2}=0{\mbox{)}}$

$\int {\frac {x}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}dx={\frac {1}{2a}}\ln \left|ax^{2}+bx+c\right|-{\frac {b}{2a}}\int {\frac {dx}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}+C$

$\int {\frac {mx+n}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}dx={\frac {m}{2a}}\ln \left|ax^{2}+bx+c\right|+{\frac {2an-bm}{a{\sqrt {4ac-b^{2}}}}}\arctan {\frac {2ax+b}{\sqrt {4ac-b^{2}}}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}4ac-b^{2}>0{\mbox{)}}$

$\int {\frac {mx+n}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}dx={\frac {m}{2a}}\ln \left|ax^{2}+bx+c\right|-{\frac {2an-bm}{a{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}}\,\mathrm {artanh} {\frac {2ax+b}{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}4ac-b^{2}<0{\mbox{)}}$

$\int {\frac {mx+n}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}dx={\frac {m}{2a}}\ln \left|ax^{2}+bx+c\right|-{\frac {2an-bm}{a(2ax+b)}}+C\qquad {\mbox{(}}4ac-b^{2}=0{\mbox{)}}$

$\int {\frac {dx}{(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n}}}={\frac {2ax+b}{(n-1)(4ac-b^{2})(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n-1}}}+{\frac {(2n-3)2a}{(n-1)(4ac-b^{2})}}\int {\frac {dx}{(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n-1}}}+C\,\!$

$\int {\frac {x}{(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n}}}dx={\frac {bx+2c}{(n-1)(4ac-b^{2})(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n-1}}}-{\frac {b(2n-3)}{(n-1)(4ac-b^{2})}}\int {\frac {dx}{(ax^{2}+bx+c)^{n-1}}}+C\,\!$

对于任意的有理函数，我们都能通过部分分式(partial fraction)把该函数分拆为数个函数的总和，其中每个函数符合以下的形式：${\frac {px+q}{\left(ax^{2}+bx+c\right)^{n}}}$。我们继而能把每一个该种形式的函数作积分运算：

$\int {\frac {dx}{x(ax^{2}+bx+c)}}={\frac {1}{2c}}\ln \left|{\frac {x^{2}}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}\right|-{\frac {b}{2c}}\int {\frac {dx}{ax^{2}+bx+c}}+C$