特里福人
特里福人(Telefol、Telefomin、Kelefomin、Kelefoten)是一支居住在桑道恩省的原住民族,属于山地欧克人的一支。
特里福人 Telefol | |
---|---|
总人口 | |
7,600[1] 4,000[2] | |
分布地区 | |
![]() (桑道恩省) | |
语言 | |
特里福语 | |
宗教信仰 | |
新教、泛灵信仰 |
历史
编辑根据起源神话,特里福传统领域是由一位名叫阿法(Afek)的老妇在300年前创造[3]。
特里福人过去是一支善战且食人的民族。曾先后打败伊利吉敏人(Iligimin)及翁通人(Untou)[4]。在战胜对方后,他们会吃掉成年人,将幸存的孩童纳入自己的群体中[5]。直至1950年代政府介入安抚前,特里福人仍不时与邻近的米扬敏人爆发冲突[6]。
文化
编辑特里福人在山地欧克人中拥有最高的宗教地位[7]。他们喜欢使用一种名为“毕伦”(bilum)的配件,从小就开始学习如何制作。该配件成网帽状,可作为头饰或容器[8]。
此外,特里福人相信一种名为“马格林”(Magalim)的精灵。该精灵是生物与森林的主宰者,并以蛇、狗、慷慨的欧洲人、无头欧洲人、四只眼睛的欧克泰迪矿坑工人等多种形象存在[9]。
参考文献
编辑引用
编辑- ^ People Group - Telefol, Feramin :: Joshua Project. joshuaproject.net. [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-13).
- ^ Orientation - Telefolmin. everyculture.com. [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-12).
- ^ Jorgensen 1980
- ^ History and cultural relations - Telefolmin. everyculture.com. [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-12).
- ^ Golub, Alex. Ironies of Organization: Landowners, Land Registration, and Papua New Guinea's Mining and Petroleum Industry. Human Organization. 2007.
- ^ Legibility and Recognition in Nenataman. epress.anu.edu.au. [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2012-02-17).
- ^ Robbins 2004, p. 15.
- ^ Ingold 2000, p. 354.
- ^ Jorgensen 2002; Jorgensen 2006
来源
编辑- Ingold, Tim. The perception of the environment. Routledge. 2000: 465. ISBN 978-0-415-22831-2.
- Manderson, Lenore; Margaret Jolly. Sites of desire, economies of pleasure: sexualities in Asia and the Pacific. University of Chicago Press. 1997: 367. ISBN 978-0-226-50304-2.
- Robbins, Joel. Becoming sinners: Christianity and moral torment in a Papua New Guinea society. University of California Press. 2004: 383. ISBN 978-0-520-23800-8.
- Jorgensen, Dan. 1980. "What's in a Name? The Meaning of Meaninglessness in Telefolmin." Ethos 8(4):349 - 366.
- Jorgensen, Dan. 1981. "Life on the Fringe: History and Society in Telefolmin." in ed. Robert Gordon, Plight of Peripheral People in P apua New Guinea. Volume 1: The Inland Situation. Cambridge M.A: Cultural Survival Inc.: 59 - 79.
- Jorgensen, Dan. 1990. "The Telefolip and the Architecture of Ethnic Identity in the Sepik Headwaters." in eds. Barry Craig and David Hyndman, Children of Afek: Tradition and Change Among the Mountain-Ok of Central New Guinea. Sydney: Oceania Monographs. 151 - 160.
- Jorgensen, Dan. 2002. "The Invention of Culture, Magalim and the Holy Spirit." Social Analysis 46(1):69 - 79.
- Jorgensen, Dan. 2007. "Hinterland History: The Ok Tedi Mine and its Cultural Consequences in Telefolmin." The Contemporary Pacific 18(1):11-56.