圣城守卫
圣城守卫（亚兰语：נָטוֹרֵי קַרְתָּא；英语：Neturei Karta）是一个哈雷迪犹太教中的一个边缘少数团体[2]，于1938年在耶路撒冷成立，总部位于以色列。
| נטורי קרתא | |
 2005年英国“圣城守卫”成员参加反以色列示威 | |
| 创始地 |  巴勒斯坦托管地耶路撒冷 |
|---|---|
| 类型 | 国际非政府组织 |
重要人物 | 摩西·贝尔·贝克 （死于2021年）[1] |
| 网站 | https://www.nkusa.org/ |
该团体反对在弥赛亚到来之前建立犹太国家[3]，并认为以色列国的存在是“对上帝的反叛”[4][5]，且只会引发战争伤亡及恐怖袭击，因此反对以色列国及犹太复国事业。该团体在以色列境内的成员主要是立陶宛法利赛人，而以色列以外的成员则大多是哈西迪派。
该团体中的一些成员主张将以色列国“和平解体”，建立“从河到海”的阿拉伯巴勒斯坦国。他们以暴力活动闻名，被主流哈雷迪教派称为“短剑党”。
参考 编辑
- ^ Neturei Karta Leader Moshe Ber Beck Dies In Monsey. The Yeshiva World. 16 April 2021 [16 April 2021]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-07）.
- ^ Sources describing the group as fringe:
- Zamaret, Zvi. Judaism in Israel: Ben-Gurion's Private Beliefs and Public Policy. Israel Studies. Fall 1999, 4 (2): 78 [9 October 2023]. JSTOR 30245511. （原始内容存档于2023-10-31）.
yet a few years later, women's suffrage was accepted by the entire Orthodox community (excluding Neturei Karata and similar fringe groups)
- Israeli Anti-Zionist Sentenced for Spying for Iran. Jewish Telegraphic Agency (The Forward). 2014-01-28 [9 October 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-11）.
Members of Neturei Karta, a fringe ultra-Orthodox sect in Israel, join a pro-Palestinian protest.
- Sterman, Adiv. Ultra-Orthodox 'Iran spy' sentenced to 4.5 years. Times of Israel. 2014-01-28 [9 October 2023]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-18）.
Yitzhak Bergel, a member of the anti-Zionist fringe group Neturei Karta, confessed to initiating contact with Iranian officials
- Neturei Karta: What is it?. Anti-Defamation League. December 14, 2006. （原始内容存档于2012-10-29）.
This miniscule group on the farthest fringes of Judaism advocates the "dismantling" of the State of Israel
- Goldman, Mordechai. Why these ultra-Orthodox Jews support the Palestinian cause. Al-Monitor. 2015-11-02 [9 October 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-10）.
A member of Neturei Karta, a fringe ultra-Orthodox Jewish movement within the anti-Zionist bloc, carries Palestinian flags during a rally marking the 10th anniversary of the death of late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, in the West Bank city of Ramallah
- Zamaret, Zvi. Judaism in Israel: Ben-Gurion's Private Beliefs and Public Policy. Israel Studies. Fall 1999, 4 (2): 78 [9 October 2023]. JSTOR 30245511. （原始内容存档于2023-10-31）.
- ^ Judaism is not Zionism. www.nkusa.org. [2024-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-19）.
- ^ Neturei Karta | ADL. www.adl.org. [2023-11-01]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-19） （英语）.
- ^ Neturei Karta. www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. [2023-11-01]. （原始内容存档于2024-02-24）.
延伸阅读 编辑
- Yakov M. Rabkin, A Threat from Within: A Century of Jewish Opposition to Zionism. (Zed Books/Palgrave Macmillan, 2006) ISBN 1-84277-699-1
- Menashe Darash, Neturei Karta Of Meah Shearim. Atnata 2010 ISBN 978-965-91505-0-2 (Hebrew language)