财产法(英语:Property law)是有关各种不动产动产所有权法律。财产包括各种受到法律保护的资源主张,例如土地和动产,也包括知识产权[1]。财产可以透过契约交换,若财产权利受到侵害,可以提出侵权行为诉讼以保护自身权利[1]

有关财产的概念或是财产法的基础。在有些司法管辖地区中,以往所有的财产都是君主所有,透过封建土地制度英语feudal land tenure或是其他强调忠诚的封建制度下放到人民。

历史 编辑

奥兰多·帕特森英语Orlando Patterson认为古代的罗马财产法是以拥有奴隶英语Slavery in ancient Rome为基础[2]

1804年法国民法典是现代政府中第一个将绝对所有权放在法令中的法典,但在中世纪伊斯兰教法伊斯兰教法学中已有提到个人财产权利的保护[3],在中古及近代早期英格兰英美法系法院的封建制度中也有类似的概念。

注解 编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Merrill, Thomas W. Property. Smith, Henry E. New York: Oxford University Press. 2010. ISBN 978-0-19-971808-5. OCLC 656424368. 
  2. ^ Orrell, David; Chlupatý, Roman. The Evolution of Money. New York: Columbia University Press. 14 June 2016: 27 [31 March 2023]. ISBN 9780231541671. (原始内容存档于2023-03-31). The Romans had enormous respect for property, especially land and slaves (which were the two most economically important kinds), and much of their legal system was devoted to defining and protecting ownership. [...] [A]ccording to sociologist Orlando Patterson, [...] Roman property law is based on the ownership of slaves. 
  3. ^ Makdisi, John. Islamic Property Law: Cases and Materials for Comparative Analysis with the Common Law. Carolina Academic Press. 2005. ISBN 1-59460-110-0. 

参考资料 编辑