锂的同位素

主要的锂同位素
标准原子质量（英语：Standard atomic weight） (Ar, 标准)	[6.938, 6.997]; 传统: 6.94;
←He（2）	Be（4）→
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锂（原子量：6.941(2)）共有10个已知同位素，质量数介于4-13之间，其中有2个是稳定的，其他都具有放射性。天然存在的锂同位素有2个，分别是⁶Li和⁷Li，皆为稳定同位素，其中以⁷Li占天然锂的大部分，丰度为92.41%。其他放射性同位素都不出现在自然界中，只有在实验室制造出来过，且半衰期都极短，非常不稳定。一般来说，盐湖锂矿所含的锂-6比例多低于海洋背景水平，茶卡盐湖的尤其低；^[2]方沸石所含的锂-6含量稍高于背景值。

图表

符号	Z	N	同位素质量（u） ^{[n 1]}^{[n 2]}	半衰期 ^{[n 2]}	衰变方式^[3]	衰变产物 ^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相对丰度（摩尔分率）^[4]^{[n 2]}	相对丰度的变化量（摩尔分率）^[5]
符号	激发能量^{[n 2]}			半衰期 ^{[n 2]}	衰变方式^[3]	衰变产物 ^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相对丰度（摩尔分率）^[4]^{[n 2]}	相对丰度的变化量（摩尔分率）^[5]
3 Li	3	0	7000303077500000000♠3.030775#^[6]		p	2 He
4 Li	3	1	7000402719000000000♠4.02719(23)	6977909999999999999♠91(9)×10⁻²⁴ s [6987966112421661000♠6.03 MeV]	p	3 He
5 Li	3	2	7000501254000000000♠5.01254(5)	6978370000000000000♠37(3)×10⁻²³ s [~6987240326473050000♠1.5 MeV]	p	4 He	3/2−
6 Li	3	3	7000601512279500000♠6.015122795(16)	稳定			1+	0.0485(171)	[6998190000000000000♠0.019, 6998780000000000000♠0.078]
7 Li ^{[n 4]}	3	4	7000701600455000000♠7.01600455(8)	稳定			3/2−	0.9515(171)	[6999922000000000000♠0.922, 6999981000000000000♠0.981]
8 Li	3	5	7000802248736000000♠8.02248736(10)	6999840299999999999♠840.3(9) ms	β⁻	8 Be ^{[n 5]}	2+
9 Li	3	6	7000902678950000000♠9.0267895(21)	6999178300000000000♠178.3(4) ms	β⁻, n (50.8%)	8 Be ^{[n 6]}	3/2−
9 Li	3	6	7000902678950000000♠9.0267895(21)	6999178300000000000♠178.3(4) ms	β⁻ (49.2%)	9 Be	3/2−
10 Li	3	7	7001100354810000000♠10.035481(16)	6979199999999999999♠2.0(5)×10⁻²¹ s [6987192261178440000♠1.2(3) MeV]	n	9 Li	(1−,2−)
10m1 Li	6986320435297400000♠200(40) keV			6979370000000000000♠3.7(15)×10⁻²¹ s			1+
10m2 Li	6986769044713760000♠480(40) keV			6979135000000000000♠1.35(24)×10⁻²¹ s			2+
11 Li ^{[n 7]}	3	8	7001110437980000000♠11.043798(21)	6997875000000000000♠8.75(14) ms	β⁻, n (84.9%)	10 Be	3/2−
					β⁻ (8.07%)	11 Be
					β⁻, 2n (4.1%)	9 Be
					β⁻, 3n (1.9%)	8 Be ^{[n 8]}
					β⁻, α (1.0%)	7 He , 4 He
					β⁻, SF (.014%)	8 Li , 3 H
					β⁻, SF (.013%)	9 Li , 2 H
12 Li	3	9	7001120537800000000♠12.05378(107)#	<6992100000000000000♠10 ns	n	11 Li
13 Li ^[7]	3	10	(13)#

注释

^ 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
^ 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。
^ Produced in 太初核合成
^ Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ⁸Li → 2⁴He + e⁻
^ Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ⁹Li → 2⁴He + ¹n + e⁻
^ Has 2 halo（英语：halo nucleus） neutrons
^ Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ¹¹Li → 2⁴He + 3¹n + e⁻

参考文献

^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
^ Mao-Yong He, Chong-Guang Luo, Hong-Jun Yang, Fan-Cui Kong, Yu-Long Li, Li Deng, Xi-Ying Zhang, Kai-Yuan Yang, Sources and a proposal for comprehensive exploitation of lithium brine deposits in the Qaidam Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau, China: Evidence from Li isotopes, Ore Geology Reviews, Volume 117, 2020, 103277, ISSN 0169-1368, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103277. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136819304925)
^ Universal Nuclide Chart. Nucleonica. [2012-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ Atomic Weight of Lithium. ciaaw.org. [2021-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-19）.
^ Isotopes of Lithium. [20 October 2013]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-03）.
^ Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

←	同位素列表	→
氦的同位素	锂的同位素	铍的同位素

[hash-3] 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。

[brackets-4] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。

[6] 稳定的衰变产物以粗体表示。

[10] Produced in 太初核合成

[11] Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ⁸Li → 2⁴He + e⁻

[12] Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ⁹Li → 2⁴He + ¹n + e⁻

[13] Has 2 halo（英语：halo nucleus） neutrons

[14] Immediately decays into two ⁴He atoms for a net reaction of ¹¹Li → 2⁴He + 3¹n + e⁻

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[2] Mao-Yong He, Chong-Guang Luo, Hong-Jun Yang, Fan-Cui Kong, Yu-Long Li, Li Deng, Xi-Ying Zhang, Kai-Yuan Yang, Sources and a proposal for comprehensive exploitation of lithium brine deposits in the Qaidam Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau, China: Evidence from Li isotopes, Ore Geology Reviews, Volume 117, 2020, 103277, ISSN 0169-1368, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.103277. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136819304925)

[5] Universal Nuclide Chart. Nucleonica. [2012-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

[NUBASE2020-7] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[Atomic_Weight_of_Lithiumb-8] Atomic Weight of Lithium. ciaaw.org. [2021-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-19）.

[Isotopes_of_Lithium-9] Isotopes of Lithium. [20 October 2013]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-03）.

[15] Brookhaven National Laboratory Interactive Table of Nuclides （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） nndc.bnl.gov [2015-9-14]

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