腭音化
(重定向自颚音)
腭音化(英语:Palatalization)是一个语言学的名词,指辅音在发音时变得接近硬腭音。通常发生于硬腭无擦通音/j/或者前元音如/i/、/e/的前面,这个现象会使辅音在发音时,除本身的发音动作外,舌根会顶着硬腭部分并发出一个类似短促的/j/。国际音标会在腭音化的辅音右上角加上“ʲ”来表示。
腭音化 | |
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◌ʲ |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Illu01_head_neck_zh.jpg/300px-Illu01_head_neck_zh.jpg)
各语言范例
编辑腭化现像在很多语言都有出现。例如,中国清初的北方方言中[i]、[y]前的软腭音声母变为龈腭音(尖团音的概念出现)以及之后的尖团合流,就是一种腭音化。另外,在英语里“question”和“nature”里的“t”读成/ʧ/,而“soldier”和“procedure”里的“d”读成/ʤ/音。这是因为这些 t 或 d 的后面跟从了/i/和/u/音,使前面的/t/和/d/发生了腭化现象。
参考书目
编辑- Bynon, Theodora. Historical Linguistics. Cambridge University Press, 1977. ISBN 978-0-521-21582-4 (hardback) or ISBN 978-0-521-29188-0 (paperback).
- Bhat, D.N.S. A General Study of Palatalization. Universals of Human Language 2, pp. 47 -92
- Buckley, E. The Phonetic Origin and Phonological Extension of Gallo-Roman Palatalization, 2003. (paper)
- Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
- Pullum, Geoffrey K.; Ladusaw, William A. Phonetic Symbol Guide. University of Chicago Press. 1996: 174, 209.
- Lightner, Theodore M., Problems in the Theory of Phonology, I: Russian phonology and Turkish phonology, Edmonton: Linguistic Research, inc, 1972
参阅
编辑外部链接
编辑- Erkki Savolainen, Internetix 1998. Suomen murteet – Koprinan murretta. (with a sound sample with palatalized t')
- Frisian assibilation as a hypercorrect effect due to a substrate language (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)