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20世纪次文化的历史（form en:History of subcultures in the 20th century）

20世纪是一个社会多元化以及个人至上的时代。支配了前半个世纪的世界大战和革命为大多数的人带来可怕的心理压力。比如说，战争的征兵让大量的人穿上制服，这代表了他们选择服装和发型的个人自由是被剥夺的。另外，战争也威胁到了生命，有可能让人面临失去朋友或者所爱之人。因此，20世纪出现了一群人，疯狂于将个人生命（在它被夺走之前）活到极致和表现自我。

次文化与战争之间似乎有一种张力关系存在。一个社会将它年经、健康和强壮的成员送到战场上去杀死另外一个社会年轻、健康和强壮的成员，这造成了一种社会的心理创伤，而次文化似乎就是透过这种心理创伤被刺激起来的。次文化与难民或移民者之间似乎也有一种清楚的关系，因为战争造成了难民，

There seems to be a dynamic relationship between subculture and warfare. Society sends its young, healthy and strong to kill the young, healthy and strong of another society and subculture seems to be provoked through the social trauma which results. There also is a clear relationship between subculture and refugee or immigrant status. Since there is clearly a link between warfare and the creation of refugees and forced exiles a sociological pattern is discernable.

Richard Collier's 1984 book The Rainbow People describes a subculture of transatlantic-based wealthy hedonists. He says, "The era of the Rainbow People opened with the coronation of a prince called 'Tum-Tum' as Britain's Edward VII in 1902 and closed in 1975 with the death of Aristotle Onassis, dubbed 'Daddy-O' by Women's Wear Daily."

Wealth and class can be considered a subculture although the term is more usually associated with fashion or with resistance against social repressions. Other subcultures are connected with sexual orientation, religion and ethnicity. Travelling people such as the Roma tend to be universally a subculture.