弗朗西斯·达修伍德
弗朗西斯·达修伍德,第十一代勒德斯宾塞男爵[4],PC,FRS(英语:Francis Dashwood, 11th Baron le Despencer,1708年12月—1781年12月11日),是英国贵族、乔治时代的政治家、神秘主义者。他曾于1762年至1763年担任比特伯爵内阁的财政大臣[5],同时他也是秘密社团“地狱火俱乐部”的创始人[6][7][8]。
非常尊敬的 勒德斯宾塞勋爵 PC FRS | |
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第二邮政局长 | |
任期 1765—1781 | |
前任 | 贝斯伯勒伯爵 |
继任 | 巴灵顿子爵 |
宫廷大臣[1] | |
任期 1763—1765 | |
君主 | 乔治三世 |
前任 | 高尔伯爵 |
继任 | 阿什伯纳姆伯爵 |
财政大臣 | |
任期 1762—1763 | |
总理 | 比特伯爵 |
前任 | 巴灵顿子爵 |
继任 | 乔治·格伦维尔 |
议事厅司库 | |
任期 1761—1762 | |
君主 | 乔治三世 |
前任 | 查尔斯·汤森 |
继任 | 吉尔伯特·艾略特爵士 |
议员 新罗姆尼 | |
任期 1741—1761 | |
前任 | 罗伯特·奥斯汀爵士 |
继任 | 托马斯·奈特 |
个人资料 | |
出生 | 1708年12月![]() |
逝世 | 1781年12月11日![]() |
国籍 | ![]() |
政党 | 托利党 |
配偶 | 莎拉·古尔德(1745年结婚) |
儿女 | 蕾切尔·范妮·安东尼娜·李 (私生子) |
父母 | 弗朗西斯·达修伍德爵士 玛丽·费恩 |
学历 | 伊顿公学 |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Hogarth_Dashwood.jpg/220px-Hogarth_Dashwood.jpg)
参考资料
编辑- ^ Pollard 1901,第114页.
- ^ Pollard 1901,第114页 cites Cust, Dilettanti Soc. p. 217; Almon, Mem. of Wilkes, iii. 59.
- ^ Pollard 1901,第114页 Walpole's Memoirs of George III, cites 1894, i. 204.
- ^ Edmondson 1785,p. 117.
- ^ Pollard 1901,第114页 cites Lecky, History, ed. 1892, iii. 224.
- ^ Pollard 1901,第113页.
- ^ Ashe 2000,第118页.
- ^ Pollard 1901,第113页 cites John Almon, Mem. and Corr. of John Wilkes, iii. 60-3.
文献来源
编辑参考书目
编辑- Ashe, Geoffrey. The Hell-Fire Clubs: A History of Anti-Morality Revised, paperback. Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. 2000. ISBN 0-7509-24020.
- BBC staff. Sir Francis's Folly. BBC. 2003 [19 January 2009]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-24).
- Edmondson, Joseph. The present peerages: with plates of arms, and an introduction to heraldry ; together with several useful lists incident to the work. Printed for J. Dodsley. 1785.
- Woodland, Patrick. Dashwood, Francis, eleventh Baron Le Despencer (1708–1781). 《牛津国家人物传记大辞典》 线上版. 牛津大学出版社. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7179. 需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格
延伸阅读
编辑- A volume of Dashwood's correspondence extending from 1747 to 1781 is in Egerton MS. 2136, and letters from him to Wilkes are in Addit. MS. 30867. See also Journals of the Lords and Commons;
- Official Return of Members of Parl.;
- Old Parliamentary History;
- Lists of Sheriffs, P.R.O.;
- Horace Walpole's Letters, ed. Cunningham, vols. i-v. and vii., Memoirs of George II, ed. Lord Holland, and of George III, ed. Barker;
- Wraxall's Hist. and Posthumous Mem., ed. Wheatle;
- Almon's Mem. and Corresp. of John Wilkes, ed. 1805;
- Bubb Dodington's Diary, ed. 1809, passim;
- Lady Mary Wortley Montagu's Letters;
- Chesterfield's Letters;
- Boswell's Johnson, ed. Hill;
- Charles Johnston's Chrysal, 1768;
- Churchill's Poems, The Ghost and the Candidate;
- Bedford Correspondence;
- Thomson's Hist, of the Royal Soc.;
- Nichols's Lit. Anecdotes, viii. 236, ix. 454 (where he is confused with Thomas Stapleton, his successor in the barony);
- Mahon's Hist, of England;
- Leeky's Hist, of England;
- Lipscomb's Buckinghamshire;
- Collinson's Somerset;
- Doran's 'Mann' and Manners at the Court of Florence;
- Cust's History of the Dilettanti Society, 1898, passim;
- Courthope's, Burke's, and G. E. Cokayne's Complete Peerages.
外部链接
编辑- Sir Francis Dashwood (1708- 1781) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by George Knowles at controverscial.com
- Abridgement of the Book of Common Prayer (1773), by Benjamin Franklin and Francis Dashwood (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), transcribed by Richard Mammana
- The Hell-Fire Clubs (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) from the Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon
- The 'Hell Fire Club' (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Marjie Bloy, PhD at The Victorian Web
- The Hellfire Club by Mike Howard at Talking Stick
- Francis Dashwood of the English Hellfire Club
- The Lives & Times of the Hell-Fire Club (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- High politics and Hellfire: William Hogarth’s portrait of Francis Dashwood (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Robin Simon editor of The British Art Journal
- Photographs of Dashwood's tunnels in West Wycombe