核糖体分流
（重定向自核糖体支路）
核糖体分流（Ribosome shunting）为真核生物细胞的核糖体翻译一些病毒mRNA时，在扫描mRNA的过程中跳过5′非翻译区部分二级结构复杂的序列，直接与该序列下游的序列结合的机制[1]，最早于1990年代在花椰菜嵌纹病毒（CaMV）的mRNA中发现[2]。许多病毒mRNA的核糖体分流需仰赖其5′非翻译区的上游开放阅读框（uORF），核糖体完成uORF的翻译后（通常仅有2－15个密码子），60S核糖体亚基自核糖体脱离，40S核糖体亚基则跳过（take-off）mRNA下游5－10nt处一段二级结构复杂的序列，与下游的降落位点（landing site）结合，再重新开始扫描，找到下一个开放阅读框的起始密码子后再次与60S亚基结合而开始翻译[2][3]。
已知腺病毒[4]、仙台病毒[5][6]、人类乳突病毒（HPV）、人泡沫病毒[2]、鸭乙型肝炎病毒[2]、水稻东格鲁杆状病毒（RTBV）[7]与花椰菜嵌纹病毒[8]等多种病毒的mRNA翻译都有核糖体分流的机制。
参考文献 编辑
- ^ Edgil, D; Polacek, C; Harris, E. Dengue virus utilizes a novel strategy for translation initiation when cap-dependent translation is inhibited. Journal of Virology. 2006, 80 (6): 2976–86. PMC 1395423
. PMID 16501107. doi:10.1128/JVI.80.6.2976-2986.2006.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Pooggin MM, Ryabova LA. Ribosome Shunting, Polycistronic Translation, and Evasion of Antiviral Defenses in Plant Pararetroviruses and Beyond.. Front Microbiol. 2018, 9: 644. PMC 5902531 . PMID 29692761. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00644.
- ^ Roger Hull. Chapter 6 - Genome Composition, Organization, and Expression. Plant Virology (Fifth Edition). Academic Press. 2014 [2021-12-05]. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-384871-0.00006-6. （原始内容存档于2021-12-05）.
- ^ Yueh, A; Schneider, RJ. Selective translation initiation by ribosome jumping in adenovirus-infected and heat-shocked cells. Genes & Development. 1996, 10 (12): 1557–67. PMID 8666238. doi:10.1101/gad.10.12.1557 .
- ^ De Breyne, S; Simonet, V; Pelet, T; Curran, J. Identification of a cis-acting element required for shunt-mediated translational initiation of the Sendai virus Y proteins. Nucleic Acids Research. 2003, 31 (2): 608–18. PMC 140508 . PMID 12527769. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg143.
- ^ Latorre, P; Kolakofsky, D; Curran, J. Sendai virus Y proteins are initiated by a ribosomal shunt. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 1998, 18 (9): 5021–31. PMC 109087 . PMID 9710586. doi:10.1128/mcb.18.9.5021.
- ^ Pooggin, M. M.; Ryabova, LA; He, X; Fütterer, J; Hohn, T. Mechanism of ribosome shunting in Rice tungro bacilliform pararetrovirus. RNA. 2006, 12 (5): 841–50. PMC 1440904 . PMID 16556934. doi:10.1261/rna.2285806.
- ^ Pooggin, MM; Hohn, T; Fütterer, J. Role of a short open reading frame in ribosome shunt on the cauliflower mosaic virus RNA leader. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2000, 275 (23): 17288–96. PMID 10747993. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001143200 .
