矢鼠属
矢鼠属（学名：Stochomys longicaudatus）是哺乳纲啮齿目鼠科鼠亚科的一属，旗下只有长尾矢鼠一个物种。这个属只生活于非洲大陆，分布于贝宁、喀麦隆、中非共和国、刚果共和国、刚果民主共和国、赤道几内亚、加蓬、尼日利亚、多哥和乌干达。它们的自然栖息地是亚热带或热带潮湿低地森林。
矢鼠 化石时期：现在
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科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
| 目： | 啮齿目 Rodentia |
| 科： | 鼠科 Muridae |
| 属： | 矢鼠属 Stochomys Thomas, 1926 |
| 种： | 矢鼠 S. longicaudatus
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| 二名法 | |
| Stochomys longicaudatus (Tullberg, 1893)
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| 异名 | |
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Mus sebastianus | |
同科的动物尚有大巽他鼠属（巴氏大巽他鼠）、西里伯斯鼠属、狭鼠属（神女狭鼠）、狭颅鼠属（灰尾狭颅鼠）等之数种哺乳动物[2]。
Description
编辑The target rat is so named because it has a number of long bristles projecting from its rump which resemble the shafts of arrows in a target. The synonym Mus sebastianus also refers to this, Saint Sebastian being an early Christian martyr said to have been tied to a tree and shot with arrows. The fur is dark reddish-brown and the tail very long.[3]
分布及习性
编辑矢鼠属原生于中非西部的潮湿热带雨林，分布范围从多哥到贝宁及尼日利亚，然后到刚果盆地，再往东到乌干达西部[1]。 It occurs in swampy areas of forests and in gallery forests and beside streams. It has also been observed in secondary forests around villages and in banana plantations.[3]
Ecology
编辑The target rat is largely nocturnal and feeds on the ground on green vegetable material and fallen fruit, supplementing these with some insects. Little is known of the social organisation of this species but in Cameroon a group of thirteen was caught at one location in an oil palm plantation. This rat seems to breed at any time of year.[3]
Status
编辑The target rat has a wide range and is a common species. It is presumed to have a large population and no particular threats have been identified. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]
参考文献
编辑- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Boitani, L. Stochomys longicaudatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008. [2016-11-11].
- ^ 中国科学院，《中国科学院动物研究所的世界动物名称数据库》，存档副本. [2016-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2005-07-18）.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Jonathan Kingdon. East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa, Volume 2, Part B: Hares and Rodents. University of Chicago Press. 1984: 599. ISBN 978-0-226-43720-0.
- Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. Superfamily Muroidea. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (编). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd. Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005: 894–1531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.