神恩复兴运动

神恩复兴运动Catholic Charismatic Renewal, CCR)是一个天主教会内主张复兴圣神(即新教所称的“圣灵”)恩宠的运动。神恩复兴运动虽然名义上是复兴中世纪以来不受天主教内主流认可的神恩[1][2],但实际上受到基督新教灵恩派很深影响[注 1]。1967年,杜肯大学的一些师生在参观新教灵恩派教会后受到启发,开始在天主教会内部推广舌音祈祷(新教称为“说方言”)、接受圣神的洗礼等概念[3][4]。1975年,时任教宗保禄六世正式认可了神恩复兴运动[5]。截至2013年,大约有1.6亿天主教徒参加了神恩复兴运动[6]

神恩复兴运动
成立时间1967年
类型天主教会内的信仰运动
总部梵蒂冈
网站www.charis.international www.iccrs.org
神恩复兴运动组织的圣神医治活动

宗教实践 编辑

神恩复兴运动强调“在圣神内领受洗礼”。参与者常常在弥撒之外额外举办祈祷会。在这样的祈祷会中,唱圣歌时教友会高举双手、用舌音祷告等等。此外,也会举行覆手祈祷、圣神医治等活动。一些神恩复兴运动使用的圣歌因为较传统的圣歌活泼,而被吸收到弥撒圣歌之中[7][8]

天主教内的观点 编辑

天主教会内部对神恩复兴运动的看法不一。赞成派认为神恩复兴有助于教友的灵修。保禄六世以来的历任教宗都曾对神恩复兴作出肯定,认为神恩复兴在天主教教友的信仰生活中发挥了正面作用[9]

另外,赞成派认为神恩复兴也有助于基督教合一运动。神恩复兴能作为一个窗口(例如邀请新教的神职人员分享相关的体验),加深天主教与其他新教派别的交流[10][11]

然而,也有反对意见认为神恩复兴就是把灵恩派的理念搬进了天主教会[12],是披着天主教外壳的灵恩派[13][14],促使天主教徒逐步改宗为灵恩派新教[15]。另外一些神恩复兴运动者为了迎合当代信仰艺术而在教堂内移除了耶稣圣心苦像等标志也遭受了批评[16]

参见 编辑

注释 编辑

  1. ^ 神恩与灵恩在外语中是同一个词,但是新教称圣灵,而天主教称圣神,因此中文产生了不同的名称

参考资料 编辑

  1. ^ Johnson, Todd M. Pentecostal/Charismatic Christianity. Gordon–Conwell Theological Seminary. 27 May 2020 [20 March 2021]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-28) (English). Charismatics usually describe themselves as having been ‘renewed in the Spirit’ and as experiencing the Spirit’s supernatural and miraculous and energizing power. They remain within, and also form organized renewal groups within, their historical non-Pentecostal denominations (Catholic, Orthodox or Protestant), instead of leaving to join Pentecostal denominations. The largest Charismatic movement today is the Catholic Charismatic renewal, found in significant numbers mainly across Latin America. 
  2. ^ Hocken, Peter. The Challenges of the Pentecostal, Charismatic, and Messianic Jewish Movements: The Tensions of the Spirit. Ashgate Publishing. 2009: 58. ISBN 978-0-7546-6746-9 (English). The spread of the charismatic movement to the Roman Catholic Church demonstrates most clearly both the distinctive character of charismatic renewal within historic churches and its major potential significance. 
  3. ^ Csordas, Thomas J. Global religion and the re-enchantment of the world: The case of the Catholic Charismatic Renewal. Anthropological Theory. September 2007, 7 (3): 295–314. S2CID 144747312. doi:10.1177/1463499607080192. 
  4. ^ Neitz, Mary Jo. Charisma and Community. New Jersey: Transaction. 1987: 214. ISBN 0887381308. 
  5. ^ Ciciliot, Valentina. The Origins of the Catholic Charismatic Renewal in the United States: Early Developments in Indiana and Michigan and the Reactions of the Ecclesiastical Authorities. Studies in World Christianity. December 2019, 25 (3): 250–273. ISSN 1354-9901. doi:10.3366/swc.2019.0267  (英语). 
  6. ^ The Charismatic Renewal and the Catholic Church. www.catholicworldreport.com. [2023-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-17). 
  7. ^ 王静弘. 天主教內的神恩復興運動 (PDF). 神学论集. 1998, (117) [2023-06-17]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-06-17). 
  8. ^ Christ the King Catholic Church互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2006-05-07.
  9. ^ The Holy See - Vatican web site. www.vatican.va. [2023-06-17]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-17). 
  10. ^ Wolfgang Vondey. Pentecostalism and Christian Unity: Ecumenical Documents and Critical Assessments. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 2010. ISBN 978-1-62189-716-3 (English). The charismatic renewal is the most broadly-based ecumenical phenomenon in present-day Christianity that engages Christians of all traditions. 
  11. ^ Hocken, Peter; Richie, Tony L.; Stephenson, Christopher A. (编). Pentecostal Theology and Ecumenical Theology: Interpretations and Intersections. Brill Publishers. 16 September 2019: 45. ISBN 978-90-04-40837-1 (English). 
  12. ^ Charismatics in Context页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Ignitum Today. Published: 30 January 2014.
  13. ^ Charismatics in Context页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Ignitum Today. Published: 30 January 2014.
  14. ^ Christian Millenarianism: From the Early Church to Waco页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) By Stephen Hunt, page 164
  15. ^ Pick and mix. The Economist. March 14, 2015 [January 24, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-01). 
  16. ^ Teresa Barrett, "Beware RENEW," Christian Order, February 2003. [2013-03-08]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-24).