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洁西·李·杜加绑架案

英文历史版本

2013-06-14T01:58:27的最后版本－Victor Victoria

Jaycee Dugard abduction case
位置Abduction: South Lake Tahoe, El Dorado County, California, United States
Confinement: 1554 Walnut Avenue (unincorporated Contra Costa County near Antioch, California)
日期1991年6月10日 (1991-06-10) – August 26, 2009
类型绑架, false imprisonment, rape
受害者洁西·李·杜加
missing for 18 years
主谋Phillip Garrido and Nancy Garrido

洁西·李·杜加绑架案（Kidnapping of Jaycee Lee Dugard）发生于1991年6月10日，居住在加利福尼亚州南太浩湖市的11岁女孩洁西·李·杜加在上学途中等巴士时遭到绑架。

大规模搜寻随之展开，但毫无有用的线索，毫无成效。 18年来她渺无音讯。 2009年8月24日到25日，曾犯性侵罪行而保释外出的菲利浦克雷格·加里多带着两名女孩到加州大学伯克利分校。2009年8月26日，他和一名少妇带着这两名女孩到保释官办公室报到，其异常的互动引人怀疑，调查后发现该名少妇正是杜加。 安尼克警方逮捕了58岁的加里多和他54岁的妻子南希·加里多。2011年4月28日，他们供认绑架和性侵杜加。执法人员（Law enforcement officers）认为加里多将杜加囚禁在他在安尼克的房子后方隐密处长达18年。2011年6月2日，菲利浦·加里多被加州法院判处431年徒刑，其妻子南希则判处36年徒刑。

[1]

Background of kidnappers

编辑
Phillip Craig Garrido
 
Booking photo
出生 (1951-04-05) 1951年4月5日（73岁）[2]
Contra Costa County
California
职业Printer and self-styled evangelist
刑事指控Kidnapping, Rape, False Imprisonment[3][4]
刑事状况Sentenced to 431 years up to lifetime
Nancy Garrido
 
Booking photo
出生Nancy Bocanegra[5]
(1955-07-18) 1955年7月18日（69岁）
Bexar County, Texas
职业Nursing aide
Physical therapy aide[7]
刑事指控Kidnapping, Rape, False Imprisonment[3][4]
刑事状况Sentenced 36 years to life[6]

1951年4月5日，菲利浦·克雷格·加里多生于Contra Costa County, California。

他年少时生活在Brentwood，1969年毕业于当地高中Liberty High School。

他的父亲曼努埃尔·加里多仍居住在Brentwood。他说儿子加里多小时是好孩子，但青春期时在一场严重的摩托车意外后，性情大变。

随后他开始滥用药物（主要是crystal meth）。

[失效链接][8][失效链接]

1972年，加里多因性侵犯一名14岁女孩而被捕，但受害者拒绝作证，该案最终没有审判。

[9][10] 1973年，加里多娶了他的高中同学克里斯蒂娜·墨菲，妻子墨菲称加里多虐待她。 墨菲称，当她试图离开加里多时，加里多曾囚禁她。

[11]

1976年，加里多在South Lake Tahoe, California绑架了凯瑟琳·卡拉维。

他将卡拉维带到Reno, Nevada的一间仓库后强奸了五个半小时。

一名警察留意到停在外面的小车和仓库的烂锁，他敲门后，加里多开了门，这时卡拉维趁机呼救。加里多随即被抓。

[12] 联邦法院和州法院都起诉加里多，将其定罪。 [12][13]

1976年，法院要求对其进行精神鉴定，鉴定结果里加里多被确诊为“性变态和慢性吸毒者。”

[14][失效链接] 精神科医生建议对加里多进行神经学检查，因为加里多滥用慢性药物可能“部分导致”了他的“混合”（"mixed"）和“多重”的性偏离。

神经学家检查加里多后指其神经系统正常。 [15]

加里多在法庭上作证时说，他会在小学和中学附近停车，望着女学生在车上自慰。 1977年3月9日，加里多被判入狱50年。1977年6月30日，在堪萨斯州的Leavenworth Penitentiary开始服刑。 [13][16]

At Leavenworth监狱时，1982年10月5日，加里多认识了来探叔叔监的南希·博卡内格拉，后来两人在Leavenworth完婚。

1988年1月22日，加里多移监到内华达州，服刑了7个月后，即1988年8月26日，他又移交到安尼克的联邦假释局（federal parole authorities）。

[13]

在安尼克时，加里多与年迈且患有痴呆的母亲同住。

因为他是假释犯，他受到监视，随后戴上安有GPS的脚环，定期接受假释官、当地警长代表和联邦特工的访探（local sheriff’s deputies and federal agents.）。

[17]

Abduction and search effort

编辑

1990年9月，洁西·杜加一家从♣～Orange County city of Garden Grove～♣搬到了♣～South Lake Tahoe～♣，因为他们认为那里是个安全的社区。

绑架时，杜加才五年级，因为她的害羞，♦→was worrying about an upcoming field trip. 她和妈妈泰瑞·普罗宾及尚是婴儿的妹妹亲近。而她的亲身父亲已经离开了这个家庭。

尽管她母亲后来再嫁，但她不予继父卡尔·普罗宾亲近。1991年6月10日，杜加的妈妈（在印刷厂当排字工人）在在当天早些时♦→left for work。

杜加，穿着她最喜爱的粉红色衣服，从山脚下的家去赶校车，♦→ walking against traffic.

当她走至半山腰时，一辆小汽车靠近了她。她以为车里的男子是想问路。

男子降下车窗，菲利普·加里多用电击枪击晕杜加，将其绑架。开车行驶回加里多在安尼克的家，距离杜加的家两小时车程。

南希·加里多（whom the District Attorney in the 杜加 case believes scouted 杜加 as a prize for her husband）将迷迷糊糊的杜加带下车。

杜加唯一的一次说话是在她承认她的父母付不起赎金时。 [18][19]

卡尔·普罗宾在他们家的视线范围内目睹了继女被绑架。

他看见了：在一个灰色轿车♣～(possibly a Mercury Monarch or Mercury Zephyr)～♣的两人在杜加等待的校车停站点打了一个U型转后，出来一个妇女强迫杜加上车。♣～(在2011年7月10日的 a Primetime 采访中，杜加称他们用电击枪使她不能动弹，失去反抗能力。) Probyn骑了自行车去追那车，但没能追上。

杜加的一些同学也看到了绑架过程。

初始嫌疑人里包括 Probyn 和 杜加的生父 Ken Slayton,

Probyn通过了几个测谎测试，而 Slayton 也很快洗除嫌疑。

[20]

这时候加里多和妻子已经回到在 Walnut Avenue 的家，（ in an unincorporated area in northeast Antioch）～♣

[21]

他们将杜加脱得一丝不挂，只留下一只蝴蝶型戒指，然后囚禁了她18年。

把她当作他们的财产， Phillip Garrido放了块毯子到杜加头上，然后带到后院的一块区域（放着棚子－鸡舍？－和其他储藏单元格）给她戴上手铐，把杜加放进其中一个隔音的小单元格里，接着（？－用螺栓固定关闭了格子）。

恐吓她如果想逃跑的话，院子里数头训练有素的杜宾犬就会攻击她。

[18]

杜加失踪的数小时内，当地和全美媒体都汇聚到 South Lake Tahoe，大肆报道此事，作为头条。 接下来几天中，几十位自愿的当地居民协助搜索工作，几乎搜遍整个社区。

在后来的几周内，成千上万的寻人传单和海报邮寄到全美各个企业。 因为杜加最喜欢粉红色，该城镇到处都挂有粉红色的丝带，以不断提醒人们帮助寻找杜加和表明全社区对这个家庭的明确支持。

[18][22][23]

杜加的母亲Terry Probyn 成立了团体 “洁西的希望”来指导筹款活动和指引志愿者该如何寻找杜加。 歌曲“Jaycee Lee”的盒式录音磁带和T恤、运动衫、纽扣，都义卖来筹款，以支付海报材料费、邮资、印刷费及其他相关开支。

寻找儿童国际组织（Child Quest International）和美国国家失踪与受虐儿童中心（the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children）也都给予了帮助。 寻人传单和海报说明了会有酬谢。

此起绑架案引起全国关注，电视节目“美国人最愿之物”（America's Most Wanted）将其作为在1991年6月14日播出的特色内容之一。

[24] 随后的几月和数年中，志愿者不断为杜加筹款、烛光守夜和让公众持续关注杜加的绑架事件，同时也让公众和政府关注儿童安全问题，出台相关措施保证儿童安全。

[25]

囚禁

编辑

Phillip Garrido 将杜加带回家后，就马上强迫杜加和他一起洗澡。

约一周后，加里多强奸了杜加，当时她仍戴着手铐。

那段时间里，除加里多外，杜加接触不了任何人，而加里多时不时会给杜加带来速食和讲故事逗她笑。

没有厕所，加里多只给了杜加一个便桶。

某种程度上说，加里多也给了杜加台电视机，但她看不了新闻，也不知道大家在极力寻找她的下落。

据杜加回忆，在绑架后约一个半月加里多将她移到后院另一更大的房间里，用手铐把她铐在床上。

加里多对杜加解释说，是“邪恶天使”（demon angels）叫他把杜加带来，让杜加帮助他解决性问题，因为社会已经对他置之不理。

加里多还对杜加说，如果杜加和他从事性行为，他就不会去加害其他女孩，这样一来杜加就保护了她们。加里多把强奸杜加的过程录了下来。

加里多吸食甲基苯丙胺时，对杜加称这是“runs”，会让杜加穿上衣服，叫她一起从色情杂志上剪下人物。

加里多吸毒后出现幻听，他就叫杜加仔细聆听“墙里传出的声音”。

吸毒的加里多在兴奋临结束时就会对着杜加抽泣和道歉，然后反复威胁要将杜加卖掉，而买家会把杜加关进笼子里。

[18]

囚禁了杜加数月后，加里多向妻子南希介绍了杜加。南希给杜加带了一个毛绒玩具狗和巧克力牛奶，也会和丈夫一样向杜加含泪道歉。

杜加当时渴望南希的认可，而现在杜加回想起来才明白这是南希用以操纵她的部分把戏。

南希对杜加反复无常，时而慈母般关爱，时而残酷无情，猜忌杜加，视她为眼中钉。

南希当时是一家疗养院助理，而杜加后来说她的性格“邪恶”、“扭曲”。

因未通过毒品测试，加里多重返监狱，期间就换南希看守杜加。

加里多还给杜加展现了两回会“神秘消失”的小猫来进一步操纵杜加。

杜加为她的猫写日记时，在日记首页里署上真名，拿给加里多看后，加里多强迫她撕掉那一页，数年后才允许杜加说、写她的名字。

[18]

怀孕和小孩

编辑

34月的囚禁里，加里多开始不再给杜加上手铐，但仍把她锁在房间内。

1994年4月3日，复活节，他们第一次给杜加吃煮食。

他们认为杜加怀孕了，也告诉了她这一消息。

Age 13 and four-and-a-half months pregnant,杜加看电视后懂得了性与怀孕之间的关系。

这时，Terry Probyn一边照顾小女儿Shana，一边靠义卖去请私人侦探，还分发了数不清的传单到美国各地，上面印着杜加十几岁样子的素描画。

杜加看了介绍分娩的电视节目来准备生育。1994年8月18日，她生下了第一个女儿。1997年11月13日，第二个女儿降世。

[18][26][27][28]

杜加用从电视节目中搜集到的信息，细心照顾她的女儿，希望保护她们不受加里多侵害，而加里多（who continued his 大声咆哮 and lectures.）

[18]


加里多的邻居 Patrick McQuaid 回忆道， as a child,在案发不久，看到穿过加里多后院篱笆的杜加。他说，she had identified herself by the name "Jaycee" ，当他问杜加是住在这儿还是来这玩，杜加回答她住在这儿。话声未落，加里多就出来把杜加带回室内。

随后，加里多在后院周围建了八英尺高的篱笆，给杜加搭了一个帐篷，（？－这是杜加被绑后第一次允许出外走走。）

[18][29][失效链接]

She coped with her continued captivity by planting flowers in a garden and home-schooling her daughters.

At one point, Phillip Garrido informed Dugard that to pacify his wife, Dugard and her daughters would address Nancy as their mother, and Dugard would teach her daughters that she was their older sister.

[18] When Dugard and her daughters were eventually allowed to come into contact with other people, they upheld this fiction.

[30]

Garrido operated a print shop where Dugard acted as the graphics artist.

Ben Daughdrill, a customer of Garrido's printing business, claimed he met and spoke by telephone with Dugard and that she did excellent work.

During this time, Dugard had access to the business phone and an email account. One customer of the printing business indicated she never hinted to him about her childhood abduction or true identity.

[31]

While in Antioch, Garrido kept a blog associated with what he called "God's Desire Church." In the blog Garrido said he had the power to control sound with his mind.

Garrido asked several people, including customers, to sign testimonials confirming that they witnessed his ability to "control sound with my mind" and a device he developed "for others to witness this phenomena （原文如此）."

[32][33]

Law enforcement officers believe that when they became involved in 2009, Dugard's living quarters were in a secondary backyard behind Phillip Garrido's house.

The private area of the yard included sheds (one of which was soundproofed and used as a recording studio in which Garrido recorded himself singing

religious-themed and romantic country songs),[18] two tents, and what has been described as a camping-style shower and toilet.

The area was surrounded by tall trees and a 6-英尺（1.8-米） high fence.

An entrance to the secondary backyard was covered by trees and a tarpaulin.

Privacy was enhanced by tents and outbuildings,[34]

and also housed a car that matched the description of the one used in the abduction. Electricity was supplied by extension cords.

[35]

Law enforcement officers visited the residence at least twice, did not request to inspect the back yard,

[34]

and did not detect Dugard or her children in the areas of the property that they did inspect.

[36]

Witnesses interviewed stated Jaycee Dugard was seen in the house and sometimes answered the front door to talk to people, but never stated a problem or attempted to leave.

[37]

While the family kept to themselves, the girls were sometimes seen playing in the backyard or as passengers in Garrido's car.

[38]

Dugard's aunt, Tina Dugard, and a former business associate of the Garridos, Cheyvonne Molino, have commented that Dugard's children looked healthy.

Tina Dugard said that upon her meeting them after their reappearance, they "always appeared and behaved like normal kids".


Molino said of the times she met them while they were captive "that in her presence the girls never acted robotically" and didn't wear unusual clothing.

[39][40]

Missed opportunities to rescue Dugard

编辑
  • Police failed to make the connection that Jaycee Lee Dugard was kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, the same location as Garrido's 1976 kidnapping and rape of Katherine Callaway Hall.[来源请求]
  • On April 22, 1992, less than a year after her kidnapping, a man called the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Department from a gas station in Oakley, California, less than two miles from the Garridos' home in Antioch. The caller reported that he saw Dugard in the gas station staring intently at a missing child poster of herself. The caller then reported seeing her leave in a large yellow van, possibly a Dodge. In 2009, after Dugard's release, an old yellow Dodge van was recovered from the Garrido property, one that matched the description of the van given in the call. The license plate was not reported in the 1992 call; the caller, the girl, and the van were gone by the time police arrived. The caller never identified himself, and the police did not pursue the matter any further.[41] In contradiction to this story, Jaycee Dugard reported that she never left the Garrido property from the day she was kidnapped until shortly before her first child was born in August 1994.[42]
  • In June 2002, the fire department responded to a report of a juvenile with a shoulder injury that occurred in a swimming pool at Garrido's home. This information was not relayed to the parole office, which had no record of either a juvenile or a swimming pool at Garrido's address.[43]
  • In 2006, one of Garrido's neighbors called 9-1-1 to inform them there were tents in the backyard with children living there and that Garrido was "psychotic" with sexual addictions. A deputy sheriff spoke with Garrido at the front of the house for about 30 minutes and left after telling him there would be a code violation if people were living outside on the property. After Dugard was found in August 2009, the local police issued an apology.[34][44]
  • On November 4, 2009, the California Office of the Inspector General issued a report that enumerated lapses by the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation that contributed to Dugard's continued captivity. The central finding was that Garrido was incorrectly classified as needing only low-level supervision and all other lapses were derived from it. In his report, the inspector general detailed an instance in which a parole agent encountered a 12-year-old girl at the home but accepted Garrido's "explanation that she was his brother's daughter and [the agent] did nothing to verify it," despite the fact that a call to Garrido's brother verified that he did not have children.[45][失效链接]

Reappearance

编辑
Jaycee Dugard
出生Jaycee Lee Dugard
(1980-05-03) 1980年5月3日（44岁）
Anaheim, California
国籍American
家乡South Lake Tahoe, California
儿女Daughter (born August 18, 1994)
Daughter (born November 13, 1997).

On August 24, 2009, Garrido visited the San Francisco office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and left a four-page essay containing his ideas about religion and sexuality, suggesting he had discovered a solution to problem behaviors like his past crimes. The essay described how he had cured his criminal sexual behaviors and how that information could be used to assist in curing other sexual predators by "controlling human impulses that drive humans to commit dysfunctional acts."[46] On the same day, Phillip Garrido went to a University of California, Berkeley police office with his two daughters, seeking permission to hold a special event on campus as a part of his "God's Desire" program. He spoke with U.C. Berkeley special events manager Lisa Campbell. She perceived his behavior as "erratic" and the girls to be "sullen and submissive." She asked him to make an appointment for the next day, which he did, leaving his name in the process. Officer Ally Jacobs discovered through a background check on Garrido that he was a registered sex offender on federal parole for kidnapping and rape. When Garrido and the two girls returned for their appointment at 2pm the following day, August 25, Campbell made a point of sitting in during the meeting. The girls appeared to Jacobs to be pale, as if having not been exposed to sunlight, and their behavior unusual. Having no basis for an arrest, she phoned the parole office to relay her concerns, leaving a report of the meeting on voicemail.[45][47][48][49][50][51]

After hearing Jacobs' recorded message, two parole agents drove to Garrido's house later that day. Upon arrival, they handcuffed him and searched the house, finding only his wife Nancy and his elderly mother at home. Then the parole agents drove Garrido back to the parole office. En route, Garrido said that the girls who had accompanied him to UC Berkeley "were the daughters of a relative, and he had permission from their parents to take them to the university." Although the parole office had barred Garrido from being around minors a month before, and although Berkeley was 40 miles from Garrido’s Antioch residence, 15 miles in excess of the 25-mile limit from his home where he was allowed to travel without permission from his parole agent, the agents overlooked this violation. After reviewing his file with a supervisor, they drove him home and ordered him to report back to the office again the next day to further discuss his visit to UC Berkeley and follow up on their concerns about the two girls.[45]

Garrido arrived at the parole office in Concord on August 26 with his wife, Nancy, the two girls and Jaycee Lee Dugard, who was introduced as "Allissa".[52][53] The parole officer decided to separate Garrido from the women and girls to obtain an identification.[54]

Dugard, maintaining her false identity as "Allissa", told investigators that the girls were her daughters. Although she indicated that she was aware that Garrido was a convicted sex offender, she stated that he was a "changed man", a "great person" and was "good with her kids",[54][55] comments that were echoed by the two girls. When pressed for details that would confirm her identity, Dugard became "extremely defensive" and "agitated", demanding to know why she was being "interrogated", and subsequently stated that she was a battered wife from Minnesota who was in hiding from her abusive husband. The parole officer eventually called the Concord police. Upon the arrival of a police sergeant, Garrido admitted he had kidnapped and raped her. Only after this did Dugard identify herself as Jaycee Dugard. It was later suggested that Dugard was beginning to show signs of Stockholm syndrome during her questioning.[54][55]

Garrido and his wife were placed under arrest. An FBI Special Agent put Dugard on the telephone with her mother, Terry Probyn. Dugard retained custody of her children and was soon reunited with her mother.[56][57][58][失效链接]

Aftermath

编辑

Reunion and afterward

编辑
File:A Stolen Life by Jaycee Dugard.jpg
Dugard's memoir, A Stolen Life

In the days following Dugard's return, Carl Probyn, her stepfather, confirmed that she and her daughters were in good health and intelligent; their reunion was going well; and they were proceeding slowly. He said his stepdaughter had developed a significant emotional bond with Phillip Garrido, and the girls cried when they learned of their father's arrest. Jaycee Dugard's aunt, Tina Dugard, said about the daughters: "They are clever, articulate, curious girls who have a bright future ahead of them."[59][60][61] Ernie Allen, president of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, said Dugard's reappearance is an important event for families of other long-term missing children, because it shows that there is hope even in long-term cases. Notable abduction survivor Elizabeth Smart has stressed the importance of focusing on the future with a positive attitude as an effective approach to accepting what has happened.[62][63][64] Shawn Hornbeck, another abduction survivor, commented on the case.[65]

Three weeks after her release, Jaycee Dugard made a request to gain control of the pets that were raised in the home where she was held captive.[66] On October 14, 2009, People published on its cover the first verified photo of Jaycee Dugard as an adult. Her mother, Terry Probyn, was reported in 2009 to have planned with Broadway Books to publish a book, originally set for release in 2010, detailing Dugard's decades-long absence and return.[67] Dugard's memoir, A Stolen Life, was published on July 12, 2011, by Simon & Schuster.

Police investigations

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Following the arrest, police extensively searched the Garrido house for evidence of other crimes. Because Phillip Garrido had access to his neighbor's house, it was also searched for evidence.[68][69] Police also searched the homes and business of one of Phillip Garrido's printing business clients.[70] Police agencies from Hayward, California, and Dublin, California, conducted searches of the Garridos' property for evidence pertaining to missing girls from those communities. The results of the search turned up no clues to the disappearances of the girls.[71] In July 2011 Hayward police announced that Garrido has not been eliminated as a suspect and is still a person of interest in the case of Michaela Garecht.[72][失效链接]

Garrido's statements

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On August 27, 2009, KCRA-TV in Sacramento, California interviewed Garrido in his jail cell by telephone. During the interview Garrido said, "In the end, this is going to be a powerful, heartwarming story"[73] because, in his version of events:

My life has been straightened out. ... Wait till you hear the story of what took place at this house. You're going to be absolutely impressed. It’s a disgusting thing that took place with me at the beginning, but I turned my life completely around.[73]

 
Investigators at the Garridos' Antioch home

Garrido repeatedly told the reporter how he "filed documents" with the FBI on August 24, 2009, which, when they were published, would cause people to "fall over backwards" and that he could not reveal more because he "had to protect law enforcement" and "what happened" [...] was "something that humans have not understood well." In the interview Garrido denied he had ever harmed Dugard's two daughters. He said their births changed his life and "they slept in my arms every single night since birth. I never touched them." On August 28, 2009, FBI spokesman Joseph Schadler confirmed that Garrido had indeed left the documents with the agency, as he had claimed, but declined to discuss further details.[73] The document, titled Origin of Schizophrenia Revealed, was eventually released by the FBI. It is about stopping schizophrenics from turning violent and controlling sounds with the human mind.[74]

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On August 28, 2009, Garrido and his wife pleaded not guilty to charges including kidnapping, rape and false imprisonment. A bail review/pre-preliminary hearing was held September 14, 2009, at the El Dorado County Superior Court in Placerville, California.[75] At the hearing, Superior Court Judge Douglas Phimister set bail for Phillip Garrido at $30 million. However, there was a no-bail parole hold on Garrido. The judge kept Nancy Garrido in custody on a no-bail hold but able to request bail at a later date.[76][77] At the September 14 hearing, Phimister also granted a request from Phillip Garrido's attorney to have a psychologist or psychiatrist appointed to conduct a confidential evaluation of Garrido. Such examinations can be used by the defense to assist in case preparation, and additional mental health examinations can be ordered at subsequent phases in the proceedings.[78] On October 29, 2009, a short hearing was held to set a date for the next pre-preliminary hearing when issues such as discovery were to be discussed. This hearing occurred on December 11, 2009. Katie Callaway Hall, whom Phillip Garrido raped in 1976, appeared in the courtroom in the October and December hearings. She did not speak in either proceeding.[79][80]

On November 5, 2009, Phimister ordered Nancy Garrido's defense attorney, Gilbert Maines, to be removed from the case. According to a posting on the court's website,[81][失效链接] the decision occurred in review of "confidential evidence" that has not been disclosed to the public, and details of the proceedings were kept sealed. The decision was immediately stayed until November 30, 2009.[82] On November 12, 2009, Phimister appointed Stephen A. Tapson as interim counsel for Nancy Garrido.[83][失效链接] Gilbert Maines appealed the decision and was given a favorable ruling by the California Third District Court of Appeal on December 15, 2009.[84] On December 22, 2009, the same court gave the Eldorado Superior Court until January 2010 to respond to the ruling.[85][失效链接] Both Gilbert Maines and Stephen Tapson appeared at the discovery hearing on December 11, 2009.[80] A hearing was held on January 21, 2010. At that hearing, Maines was removed from the case and Tapson was appointed defense counsel for Nancy Garrido. In addition, bail in the amount of $20 million was set for Nancy Garrido.[86][失效链接]

At a press conference on February 28, 2011, Tapson said that Mr. and Mrs. Garrido had both made a 'full confession' in the case. The development came as lawyers for both sides re-opened discussions on a possible plea deal that had the potential to obviate the need for a trial. Mrs. Garrido's attorney acknowledged that she was facing "241 years, eight months to life" and that he was working for a reduced sentence in the 30-year range. He stated that the prosecutor had acknowledged that Mr. Garrido was a master-manipulator and that Mrs. Garrido was under both his influence and that of substances during the period of Dugard's kidnapping, so should receive some consideration while alluding to parallels with Patty Hearst and Stockholm syndrome.[87]

On Thursday, April 7, 2011, Phillip and Nancy Garrido, instead of pleading guilty (as had been expected based on the previous statements) pleaded not guilty to charges of kidnapping and raping Dugard, as well as other charges, in an amended indictment. Phillip Garrido's attorney, public defender Susan Gellman, alleged that the grand jury might have been improperly selected and might have acted improperly. Gellman did not elaborate on her claim in the courtroom, but said outside that she had questions about the racial and geographic makeup of the grand jury that originally indicted the Garridos in September 2010. Judge Phimister noted that there were issues about the process itself before the grand jury, and also stated that the court would consider whether the grand jury acted appropriately. These developments were largely unforeseen by attorney Stephen Tapson, who represented Nancy Garrido; Tapson had said earlier that week that Phillip Garrido had made a deal with prosecutors to plead guilty and spend the rest of his life in prison. Gellman was upset with Tapson for telling reporters that her client had planned to plead guilty, saying that Tapson should speak about only his own client, Nancy Garrido. Tapson said he found out about Gellman's plans only late on April 6. Neither attorney would elaborate further on the specific concerns about the grand jury. El Dorado County, California District Attorney Vern Pierson said he did not think the complaints about the grand jury would ultimately derail the case against the Garridos.[88]

On April 28, 2011, the Garridos pleaded guilty to kidnapping and rape.[89] On June 2, 2011, Phillip Garrido was sentenced to 431 years imprisonment. Nancy Garrido received 36 years to life.[1] Phillip Garrido is serving his sentence at California State Prison, Corcoran while Nancy Garrido is incarcerated at Central California Women's Facility.[90] Dugard, who did not attend the sentencing, had sent a written statement that was read aloud in court:

"I chose not to be here today because I refuse to waste another second of my life in your presence. I've chosen to have my mom read this for me. Phillip Garrido, you are wrong. I could never say that to you before, but I have the freedom now and I am saying you are a liar and all of your so-called theories are wrong. Everything you have ever done to me has been wrong and someday I hope you can see that. What you and Nancy did was reprehensible. You always justified everything to suit yourself but the reality is and always has been that to make someone else suffer for your inability to control yourself and for you, Nancy, to facilitate his behavior and trick young girls for his pleasure is evil. There is no God in the universe that would condone your actions. To you, Phillip, I say that I have always been a thing for your own amusement. I hated every second of every day of 18 years because of you and the sexual perversion you forced on me. To you, Nancy, I have nothing to say. Both of you can save your apologies and empty words. For all the crimes you have both committed I hope you have as many sleepless nights as I did. Yes, as I think of all of those years I am angry because you stole my life and that of my family. Thankfully I am doing well now and no longer live in a nightmare. I have wonderful friends and family around me. Something you can never take from me again. You do not matter any more."

——Jaycee Lee Dugard，June 2, 2011

Settlement with the State of California

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In July 2010, the State of California approved a $20 million settlement with Jaycee Dugard, to compensate her for "various lapses by the Corrections Department [which contributed to] Dugard's continued captivity, ongoing sexual assault and mental and/or physical abuse." The settlement, part of AB1714, was approved by the California State Assembly by a 70 to 2 vote, and by the California State Senate by a 30 to 1 vote. San Francisco County Superior Court Judge Daniel Weinstein, who mediated the settlement, stated that the settlement was reached to avoid a lawsuit which would be a "greater invasion of privacy and greater publicity for the state."[91]

The bill was signed by California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger on July 9.[92][93]

Lawsuit against the United States

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On September 22, 2011, Dugard filed suit in United States District Court for the Northern District of California accusing the United States of failing to monitor Garrido when he was a federal parolee.[94]

In media

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  • Dugard documented her life in captivity in a book, A Stolen Life: A Memoir, which she wrote as part of her therapy with Rebecca Bailey, who specializes in post-trauma family reunification. Dugard says she wrote the book, which was published in July 2011, to assist other survivors of sexual abuse.[18] A few days before the book was released, Dugard gave her first extensive television interview to ABC's Diane Sawyer.
  • An American crime show on the Investigation Discovery network titled Wicked Attraction aired an episode about Phillip and Nancy Garrido, which detailed Jaycee Dugard's kidnapping and recovery.[95]
  • A documentary that aired in October 2009 on Channel 4 in Britain titled Captive for 18 years: Jaycee Lee focused on the story of Dugard's kidnapping, recovery and the beginnings of trial including interviews with Jaycee's stepfather.[96]
  • Dugard was awarded a "Lifetime Leadership" honor at the third annual Diane von Furstenberg awards on March 9, 2012 for her courage and her JAYC Foundation which gives support to families dealing with abduction and other tragedies. The DVF awards honor women who are courageous and fight for justice.[97]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Jaycee Dugard kidnap: Victim rues 'stolen life'. BBC News. June 2, 2011. 
  2. ^ Huff, Steve. Meet Phillip Craig Garrido. True Crime Report. 2009-08-29. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Criminal Complaint (PDF). Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of El Dorado. 2009-08-28. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Gorman, Steve. The California couple charged with abducting 11-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard in 1991 and holding her captive for 18 years pleaded guilty on Thursday to kidnapping and sexual assault charges that carry life prison sentencis.. Reuters. April 28, 2011 [April 28, 2011]. 
  5. ^ Sherwell, Philip. Jaycee Lee Dugard abductor Phillip Garrido wanted 'cute blonde girl'. The Telegraph. 2009-09-12. 
  6. ^ Jaycee Dugard says she hated every second of 18 years in captivity. New York Post. Associated Press. June 2, 2011. 
  7. ^ Huspeni, Dennis (September 6, 2009). "Jaycee Lee Dugard: 'Creepy Phil' Garrido's tips on how to keep your children safe". The Telegraph.
  8. ^ Bulwa, Demian. Dugard: I never tried to run from Garridos. SF Gate. June 2, 2011 [3 June 2011]. [失效链接]
  9. ^ Suspect Faced ’72 Rape Case. The New York Times. September 3, 2009. 
  10. ^ California Registered Sex Offender Profile Display: Phillip Garrido. State of California Department of Justice: Megan's Law. [May 16, 2012]. 
  11. ^ Saltzman, Sammy Rose. Phillip Garrido 'Tried to Gouge My Eyes Out,' Says First Wife. Crimesider. CBS News. 2009-09-01. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Stanton, Sam; Minugh, Kim; Lillis, Ryan. Rape victim describes Garrido's attack. The Seattle Times. 2009-09-02 [2009-09-13]. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "Nevada DPS Information on Phillip Garrido". KTVN. August 28, 2009.
  14. ^ Report of Lynn B. Gerow, Jr., M.D. (PDF). Los Angeles Times. 1976-09-20 [2009-11-01]. [失效链接]
  15. ^ Report of Albert F. Peterman, M.D. (PDF). Los Angeles Times. 1977-01-06 [2009-11-03]. 
  16. ^ Dillon, Nancy, and Siemaszko, Corky. Phillip Garrido, charged with kidnapping Jaycee Lee Dugard, told court he stalked girls at schools. Daily News. 2009-08-30 [2009-10-01]. 
  17. ^ Harvey, Mike. Jaycee police question kidnapper over prostitute murders. The Times (London). 2009-08-31 [2009-09-02]. 
  18. ^ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 Hopper, Jessica (July 7, 2011). "Jaycee Dugard Interview: She Describes Giving Birth in Phillip Garrido's Backyard Prison". ABC News.
  19. ^ Dugard, Jaycee. A Stolen Life. Simon & Schuster. 2011: 7 – 11. ISBN 978-1-4516-2918-7. 
  20. ^ Raman, Manikandan (June 3, 2011) "Jaycee Dugard Case: Justice After 20 Years". International Business Times.
  21. ^ La Ganga, Maria L., Dolan, Maura, and Hennessy-Fiske, Molly. Sex offenders move to Antioch area 'because they can'. Los Angeles Times. 2009-08-31. 
  22. ^ Chereb, Sandra (August 31, 2009). "South Lake Tahoe Celebrates Reappearance of Kidnapping Victim Jaycee Lee Dugard". The Washington Post.
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  25. ^
  26. ^ Judge Issues Birth Certificates For Dugard's Kids. KCRA TV. 2010-01-26. 
  27. ^ Donelan, Jennifer (July 8, 2011). "Jaycee Dugard recounts horror of 18 years in captivity". ABC News./WJLA-TV.
  28. ^ Samuel, Stephanie (September 24, 2011). "Jaycee Dugard Files Suit, Says Gov't Failed to Monitor Garrido". The Christian Post.
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  30. ^ Allen, Nick. Jaycee Lee Dugard: daughters thought she was their sister. The Daily Telegraph (London). September 2, 2009. 
  31. ^ McKinley, Jessie. Kidnapping Victim Was Not Always Locked Away. The New York Times. 2009-08-28 [2009-09-01]. 
  32. ^ Simon, Mallory (August 29, 2009). "Alleged kidnapper couple met while man was in prison". CNN.
  33. ^ Simerman, John; Creighton, Leah (August 30, 2009). "Sex captor Phillip Garrido's backyard cell for Jaycee Dugard". The Telegraph.
  34. ^ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Netter, Sarah and Ghebremedhin, Sabina. Cops Apologize for Muffing Chance to Rescue Jaycee Dugard in 2006. ABC News. 2009-08-28.  引用错误：带有name属性“ABCNews8.28.09”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
  35. ^ Simon, Mallory (August 27, 2009). "Girl grew up locked away in backyard sheds". CNN.
  36. ^ Siegel, Larry J; Walsh, Brandon C. Juvenile Delinquency: The Core. Wadsworth Publishing. 2010. p. 50.
  37. ^ Schwartz, Daniel (June 23, 2011). "Profiling abductors: Q&A with Brad Garrett". CBC News. May 15, 2012.
  38. ^ Gardner, David; Boden, Nicola (September 1, 2009). "Jaycee Lee Dugard: My 'guilt' over bond with captor who fathered my two children". Daily Mail.
  39. ^ Hardesty, Greg. Exclusive video: Interview with Jaycee's aunt. The Orange County Register. 2009-09-02. 
  40. ^ Smith, Ryan. Controversy: Jaycee Dugard Daughter's Photos. Crimesider. CBS News. 2009-09-01. 
  41. ^ Bulwa, Demian. 92 tipster told of girl like Dugard in Oakley. San Francisco Chronicle. 2009-10-05. 
  42. ^ Dugard (2011), pp. 101–106
  43. ^ Scott, Robert Shattered Innocence. Pinnacle. 2011. Page 316.
  44. ^ Adams, Guy. Missing girl could have been found in 2006. The Independent (London). 2009-08-29. 
  45. ^ 45.0 45.1 45.2
  46. ^ Von Fremd, Mike; Snow, Kate; Splane, Stephen (August 30, 2009). "Dugard Kidnapping Suspect Told FBI He'd Cured Himself". ABC News.
  47. ^ Cockrell, Cathy (August 28, 2009). "Arrest of kidnap suspect Phillip Garrido hinged on instincts and diligence of two members of UC Berkeley police force". UC Berkeley News.
  48. ^ "Jaycee Dugard's kidnappers plead guilty". History.com. April 28, 2011.
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  51. ^ Alpert, Lukas I. Fiend Gave the FBI his Perv-Cure Manifesto. New York Post. 2009-08-30 [2009-08-30]. 
  52. ^ While some sources give the spelling of the name as "Alyssa", others such as the August 29, 2009 Daily Telegraph story and this September 1, 2009 Daily Mail story give it as "Allissa". Dugard herself states on page 151 of her memoir, "After a couple of days of thinking, I decide on my new name and tell Phillip and Nancy my choice. I say I want to be called Allissa. I used to love to watch Who's the Boss? and my favorite actress is Alyssa Milano. But I want a different spelling. I want it spelled A-L-L-I-S-S-A. This is what the girls [her daughters] will grow up calling me."
  53. ^ Spillius, Alex (August 29, 2009). "How Jaycee Lee Dugard became 'Allissa', the girl with a smile for her captor's clients". The Daily Telegraph.
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  58. ^ Police 'sorry' for kidnap blunder. BBC News. 2009-08-29 [2009-09-15]. 
  59. ^ Jaycee's Stepdad: Her New Life "Like Mars". CBS News. 2009-08-31. 
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  61. ^ Jaycee Dugard's aunt: 'This is a joyful time'. CNN. 2009-09-03 [2009-10-18]. 
  62. ^ Cooper, Anderson. "360 Interview: Elizabeth Smart and her father, Ed". Anderson Cooper 360°. August 27, 2009
  63. ^ Gandossy, Taylor, Watkins, Tom, and Wilson, Stan. Sheriff: Kidnap victim, children kept in backyard compound. CNN. 2009-08-28 [2009-09-01]. 
  64. ^ Oh, Eunice. Elizabeth Smart's Advice to Jaycee Dugard: Move Forward in Life. People. 2009-08-28 [2009-11-03]. 
  65. ^ Dodd, Johnny. Shawn Hornbeck: Jaycee Dugard Brainwashed, in Shock. People. September 4, 2009 [2009-10-26]. 
  66. ^ Animal control officials hope to reunite kidnap victim Jaycee Lee Dugard with her 12 pets. Los Angeles Times. 2009-09-18 [2009-09-20]. 
  67. ^ People magazine. October 26, 2009
  68. ^ Allen, Nick. Jaycee Lee Dugard: 'Death dogs' search Phillip Garrido's home for missing girls. The Telegraph (London). 2009-08-31 [2009-09-01]. 
  69. ^ Netter, Sarah, Von Fremd, Mike, Waldman, Ronna, and Nalty, Ariane. Garrido Investigators Unearth Bone Fragments. ABC News. 2009-08-31 [2009-09-01]. 
  70. ^ Katz, Neil. Jaycee Dugard Investigation Turns to Phillip Garrido's Associates. Crimesider. CBS News. 2009-09-10 [2009-09-13]. 
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  72. ^ Cox, Terri. Phillip Garrido May Have More Victims. Fox 40. 2011-07-13. [失效链接]
  73. ^ 73.0 73.1 73.2 Kidnap Suspect: 'Wait Until You Hear The Story'. KCRA-TV. 2009-08-27 [2009-09-01].  引用错误：带有name属性“kcra”的<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
  74. ^ Garrido, Phillip. Origin of Schizophrenia Revealed. Scribd. [May 16, 2012]. 
  75. ^ People of the State of California v. Phillip Garrido and Nancy Garrido. Superior Court of California, County of El Dorado. 2009-09-08 [2009-09-13]. 
  76. ^ La Ganga, Maria L. Phillip Garrido's bail set at $30 million, will undergo psychiatric testing. Los Angeles Times. 2009-09-14 [2009-09-14]. 
  77. ^ Simon, Dan. Suspects in Jaycee Dugard kidnapping appear in court. CNN. 2009-09-14 [2009-09-14]. 
  78. ^ Will Forensic Psychologists be involved in the Phillip Garrido case?. Everyday Psychology. September 5, 2009 [2009-09-20]. 
  79. ^ Garridos in court for hearing as 1976 rape victim watches. CNN. 2009-10-30 [2009-10-31]. 
  80. ^ 80.0 80.1 Garridos Have Brief Court Appearance. KCRA-TV. 2009-12-11 [2009-12-26]. 
  81. ^ Minute Order (PDF). Superior Court of California, El Dorado County. 2009-11-09 [2009-11-15]. [失效链接]
  82. ^ Nancy Garrido's Attorney Removed From Kidnap Case. KTVU. 2009-11-09 [2009-11-09]. 
  83. ^ Ex Parte Minute Order (PDF). Superior Court of California, El Dorado County. 2009-11-12 [2009-11-12]. [失效链接]
  84. ^ Egelko, Bob. Court: Nancy Garrido's lawyer wrongly bounced. San Francisco Chronicle. 2009-12-16 [2009-12-24]. 
  85. ^ Clash over Nancy Garrido's attorney remains unsettled. The Sacramento Bee. 2009-12-23 [2009-12-26]. [失效链接]
  86. ^ Stanton, Sam. Judge names new lawyer for Nancy Garrido, sets bail at $20 million. The Sacramento Bee. 2010-01-21 [2010-01-23]. [失效链接]
  87. ^ Garridos Confess To Dugard Kidnapping. KTVU. February 28, 2011. 
  88. ^ Jones, Brent (Editor) (April 7, 2011). "Challenge of grand jury stops expected Garrido guilty plea". USA Today/Associated Press.
  89. ^ Gorman, Steve. The California couple charged with abducting 11-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard in 1991 and holding her captive for 18 years pleaded guilty on Thursday to kidnapping and sexual assault charges that carry life prison sentences.. Reuters. April 28, 2011 [April 28, 2011]. 
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  91. ^ Maria L. La Ganga; Shane Goldmacher. Jaycee Lee Dugard's family will receive $20 million from California. Los Angeles Times. July 2, 2010 [July 11, 2011]. 
  92. ^ California lawmakers approve $20 million to settle Dugard claims. CNN. 2010-07-01 [2010-07-01]. 
  93. ^ California A.B. 1714, as chaptered, as of July 9, 2010.
  94. ^ Emmet Berg. Jaycee Dugard sues U.S. over monitoring of her captor. Reuters. 2011-09-22 [2011-09-25]. 
  95. ^ The Jaycee Dugard Story. Wicked Attraction. 第4季. 第12集. September 15, 2011. Investigation Discovery. 
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  97. ^ Quarles, Alicia (March 10, 2012). "Oprah and Jaycee Dugard honored at the DVF Awards". Yahoo! News/Associated Press. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
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