巨爪地懒
巨爪地懒(学名:Megalonyx)是中新世晚期至更新世晚期一属已灭绝的地懒。它们的近亲为二趾树懒。它们是北美洲的特有种,是二趾树懒科下分布最广的,最北至阿拉斯加[1]及育空。[2]它们是由游地懒演化而来,其下最早出现的物种是M. wheatleyi。模式种杰氏巨爪地懒(M. jeffersonii)体长可达 3米(9.8英尺),体重则超过 1,000 公斤[3]。
巨爪地懒属![]() | |
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Megalonyx wheatleyi的骨骼。 | |
无效状况
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科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
目: | 披毛目 Pilosa |
科: | †巨爪地懒科 Megalonychidae |
亚科: | †巨爪地懒亚科 Megalonychinae |
属: | †巨爪地懒属 Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799 |
模式种 | |
†Megatherium jeffersonii Desmarest, 1822
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种 | |
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化石
编辑巨爪地懒的学名是由美国总统汤玛斯·杰佛逊于1797年所命名,其化石是来自维吉尼亚州。在爱荷华州西南部持续的挖掘发现了疑似巨爪地懒的家庭生活:一只成年巨爪地懒与两只不同年龄的幼生一同被发现,估计成年的会照顾幼生的。[4][5]
分布
编辑巨爪地懒分布在北美洲的大部分地区,由阿拉斯加中部至科罗拉多州中部。它们居住在潮湿及寒冷气候,长满云杉的地方。[6]另外,在南部的杰氏巨爪地懒体型较大,在北部的则体型较细小。[7]
参考
编辑- ^ Stock, C. A ground sloth in Alaska. Science. 1942, 95: 552–3.
- ^ McDonald, H. G.; Harington, C. R.; De Iuliis, G. The Ground Sloth Megalonyx from Pleistocene Deposits of the Old Crow Basin, Yukon, Canada (PDF). Arctic (Calgary, Alberta: The Arctic Institute of North America). September 2000, 53 (3): 213–20 [2008-08-16]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-07-03).
- ^ 存档副本. [2019-01-02]. (原始内容存档于2015-02-14).
- ^ Semken and Brenzel. The Tarkio Valley Sloth Project. [2009-09-25]. (原始内容存档于2009-01-01).
- ^ Semken and Brenzel. One Sloth Becomes Three. Newsletter of the Iowa Archeological Society. 2007, 57 (1).
- ^ Hoganson, John W., North Dakota Geological Survey, and McDonald, H. Gregory. Museum Management Program. National Park Service.
- ^ McDonald, H.G., University of Florida, Harington, C.R., University of Alberta, and De Iulii,G. The Ground Sloth Megalonyx from Pleistocene Deposits of the Old Crow Basin, Yukon, Canada (PDF). Arctic. September 2000, 53 (3): 213–20 [2009-09-25]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-07-03).
- Cope, ED. (1871) Preliminary report on the vertebrata discovered in the Port Kennedy Bone Cave. American Philosophical Society, 12:73-102.
- Cope, ED. (1893) A preliminary report on the vertebrate paleontology of the Llano Estacado. 4th Annual Report on the Geological Survey of Texas: 136pp.
- Hirschfeld, SE. and SD. Webb (1968) Plio-Pleistocene megalonychid sloths of North America. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences, 12(5):213-296.