真核起始因子1

真核起始因子1
	人类eIF1的溶液结构
识别
符号	eIF1
替换符号	SUI1（酵母中）
Entrez	10209
PDB	2if1
RefSeq	NP_005792
UniProt	P41567
其他资料
基因座	17 [1]

eIF1（eukaryotic initiation factor 1，真核起始因子1）是一种参与真核翻译起始的重要的蛋白质。eIF1在起始密码子AUG的识别中发挥重要的作用，它能使起始密码子的识别具有很高的保真度。

在酵母中，eIF1是维持其生存不可或缺的蛋白质。^[1]

功能机制

eIF1结合在40S核糖体亚基的表面，可能影响在48前起始复合物中40S亚基的表面构象及mRNA和Met-tRNA_i的结合位置。在密码子与反密码子没有正确配对时，eIF1可以抑制GTP的水解，当密码子的识别完成后，eIF1的抑制作用被减弱，并且实验发现eIF1的抑制作用的减弱需要精确的AUG的配对，而其它例如UUG或CAA的识别并没有类似功能。^[2]

结构

eIF1结构属于α+β型折叠，包含了一个由5个β链组成的β折叠片和两个α螺旋组成的结构域，其N末端为一段较长的无结构区域。^[3]^[4]eIF1被发现能够以不同的蛋白质表面与40S核糖体亚基以及eIF2、eIF3和eIF5结合。^[4]

参考文献

^ （英文）Yoon H and Donahue TF. The sui1 supressor locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a translation factor that functions during tRNA_i^Met recognition of the start codon. Mol Cell Biol. 1992, 12: 248–260.
^ （英文）Unbehaun, A., Borukhov, S. I., Hellen, C. U. & Pestova, T. V. Release of initiation factors from 48S complexes during ribosomal subunit joining and the link between establishment of codon-anticodon base-pairing and hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP. Genes Dev. 2004, 18: 3078–93.
^ （英文）Fletcher CM, Pestova TV, Hellen CU, Wagner G. Structure and interactions of the translation initiation factor eIF1. EMBO J. 1999, 18: 2631–7. PMID 10228174.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 （英文）Reibarkh M, Yamamoto Y, Singh CR, del Rio F, Fahmy A, Lee B, Luna RE, Ii M, Wagner G, Asano K. Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 1 carries two distinct eIF5-binding faces important for multifactor assembly and AUG selection. J Biol Chem. 2007, 283: 1094–103. PMID 17974565.

参见

真核起始因子
核糖体
eIF1A
能够与eIF1结合的真核起始因子：
- eIF2
- eIF3
- eIF5

外部链接

eIF1的相关信息（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] （英文）Yoon H and Donahue TF. The sui1 supressor locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a translation factor that functions during tRNA_i^Met recognition of the start codon. Mol Cell Biol. 1992, 12: 248–260.

[2] （英文）Unbehaun, A., Borukhov, S. I., Hellen, C. U. & Pestova, T. V. Release of initiation factors from 48S complexes during ribosomal subunit joining and the link between establishment of codon-anticodon base-pairing and hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP. Genes Dev. 2004, 18: 3078–93.

[3] （英文）Fletcher CM, Pestova TV, Hellen CU, Wagner G. Structure and interactions of the translation initiation factor eIF1. EMBO J. 1999, 18: 2631–7. PMID 10228174.

[yeast_structure-4] 4.0 ^4.1 （英文）Reibarkh M, Yamamoto Y, Singh CR, del Rio F, Fahmy A, Lee B, Luna RE, Ii M, Wagner G, Asano K. Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 1 carries two distinct eIF5-binding faces important for multifactor assembly and AUG selection. J Biol Chem. 2007, 283: 1094–103. PMID 17974565.

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