伊萬 (建築)

伊萬（波斯語：ایوان‎，拉丁轉寫：eyvān；阿拉伯語：إيوان‎；Iwan、ivan；土耳其語：eyvan）是波斯和伊斯蘭建築中常見的一種長方形、帶有拱頂的空間，三面圍牆，一面開放。它由波斯人發明，3世紀時在帕提亞帝國治下達到成熟。在波斯語中伊萬的入口門面又稱「皮西塔克」（pishtaq）。其上常繪有繁複的幾何花紋和伊斯蘭書法。伊萬的大小和形狀並不完全固定。

16世紀波斯風格的波伊卡楊伊斯蘭教學校的伊萬，位於烏茲別克的布哈拉

泰姬陵的伊萬

希克斯羅圖福拉清真寺

參考文獻

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外部連接

• Oxford Art Online on Iwans（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
• Columbia’s Archive of Islamic Architecture （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
• Columbia’s Archive of Ancient Architecture （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
• UCSJ Tutorial on Islamic Architecture
• Sheila Blair’s Islamic Arts