伽勒米水道橋

**伽勒米水道橋**
	Acquedotto Galermi
地點	意大利錫拉庫薩
歷史
時代	古希臘

伽勒米水道橋（意大利語：Acquedotto Galermi）是一條古老的水道橋，也是意大利錫拉庫薩最長、最重要的水道橋。它的名字來自伽勒米地區，這是一個不確定起源的地名，但可能來自阿拉伯語中的「水洞」。^[1]

水道橋最初長約40公里，直接從山上取水；後來縮短為29公里，從河流源頭取水，一直到附近的城市較高部分。它以每秒500升的速度運行。這項工程被認為是水利工程的傑作，符合維特魯威後來給出的最佳坡度指示。他指出，與其他希臘水道橋相比，這條水道橋的精度非常高，建造精巧。

歷史

水道橋由蓋洛建於公元前480年，使用希梅拉之戰（公元前480年）|希梅拉之戰中俘獲的迦太基人作為勞動力。建設很困難，既因為需要保持一個恆定的坡度，也因為有問題的土地，到處都是溝壑和山谷。採石採用了火法，使岩石軟化，使其更容易破碎。水道橋在中世紀曾被廢棄，後成為國家與索爾蒂諾老領主的繼承人之間爭論的中心。^[2] 爭論的根源在於對水的獨家使用。直到1933年，隨着皇家特許狀的公布，才最終確定水是國家的專屬財產。這條古老的水道橋終於投入使用，為城市供水，直到今天，部分水道橋仍在使用。

如今，水道橋有兩個分支，每個長約1公里，被稱為「天堂」和「密格里亞」。

參考

Mario Sequenzia & Maurizio Todini. Sortino e l'acquedotto di Siracusa. Edizioni dell'Anthurium ISBN 978-88-89552-39-1

^ Fazello wrote: This spring whose original name is lost is called in Saracen, Garelme, which in our language would be "water hollow" and today is properly called Galermo.
^ On 16 November 1576, the Senate of Syracuse had voted to grant Don Pietro Maria Gaetani, Baron of Sortino, exclusive use of the water (reserving the right to prohibit its use by third parties) but began work to renovate the aqueduct within 15 years.

[1] Fazello wrote: This spring whose original name is lost is called in Saracen, Garelme, which in our language would be "water hollow" and today is properly called Galermo.

[2] On 16 November 1576, the Senate of Syracuse had voted to grant Don Pietro Maria Gaetani, Baron of Sortino, exclusive use of the water (reserving the right to prohibit its use by third parties) but began work to renovate the aqueduct within 15 years.

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