多甲總綱
多甲總綱（學名：Multicrustacea）是甲殻亞門動物經支序親緣分析之後，把原來成員重新組合的兩個兩個總綱級演化支之一（另一總綱是寡甲總綱）[2][1][3]，佔甲殼亞門所有物種數量的五分之四，包括各種常見的甲殼類動物：螃蟹、龍蝦、真蝦、 潮蟲、枝鰓亞目、磷蝦、藤壺、淡水龍蝦、橈腳類、端足類及其他物種。當中數量最龐大的一支為軟甲綱（見下一節的詳細分類）。
多甲總綱
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| 普通黃道蟹（Cancer pagurus） | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 動物界 Animalia |
| 門： | 節肢動物門 Arthropoda |
| 亞門： | 甲殼亞門 Crustacea |
| 總綱： | 多甲總綱 Multicrustacea Regier, Shultz, Zwick, Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010[1] |
| 綱 | |
分類
編輯截至2019年10月22日[update]，WoRMS紀錄這總綱由下列兩個綱組成[2][1][4][3][5][6]：
- 六幼生綱 Hexanauplia Oakley, 2013
- 橈足亞綱 Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840
- 新橈足下綱 Neocopepoda Huys & Boxshall, 1991
- Infra-class Progymnoplea Lang, 1948
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- 平角目 Platycopioida Fosshagen, 1985
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- 微蝦亞綱 Tantulocarida Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Basipodellidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Family Deoterthridae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987
- Family Doryphallophoridae Huys, 1991
- Family Microdajidae Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987
- Family Onceroxenidae Huys, 1991
- Subclass 鞘甲綱 Gruvel, 1905
- Infra-class 囊胸亞綱 Lacaze-Duthiers, 1880
- Order Dendrogastrida Grygier, 1987
- Order 樹囊虱目 Grygier, 1987
- Infra-class 藤壺下綱 Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834
- 尖胸總目 Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905
- Order Cryptophialida Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
- Order Lithoglyphidae Kolbasov, Newman & Hoeg, 2009
- 根頭總目 根頭下綱 Müller, 1862
- 無刺胞幼體目 Akentrogonida Häfele, 1911
- 有刺胞幼體目 Kentrogonida Delage, 1884
- 圍胸總目 Thoracica Darwin, 1854：舊作圍胸目。
- Order Cyprilepadiformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006[7]
- 鳥嘴目 Ibliformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：包含舊有的鳥嘴亞目[8]。
- 鳥嘴亞目 Iblomorpha Newman, 1987
- 茗荷目 Lepadiformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：[9][10]
- 異茗荷亞目 Heteralepadomorpha Newman, 1987：舊屬有柄目
- 茗荷亞目 Lepadomorpha Pilsbry, 1916：舊屬有柄目
- Suborder Praelepadomorpha
- 鎧茗荷目 Scalpelliformes Buckeridge & Newman, 2006：從舊有鎧茗荷亞目直接提升至目級[11]。
- 無柄目 Sessilia Lamarck, 1818
- 尖胸總目 Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905
- Infra-class Facetotecta Grygier, 1985
- Genus Hansenocaris Ito, 1985
- Infra-class 囊胸亞綱 Lacaze-Duthiers, 1880
- 橈足亞綱 Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840
- 軟甲綱 Malacostraca Latreille, 1802
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
- 真蝦總目 Eucarida Calman, 1904
- 異蝦目 Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973
- 十足目 Decapoda Latreille, 1802：包括各種蝦類、小龍蝦、龍蝦、galathees等物種
- 磷蝦目 Euphausiacea Dana, 1852
- 囊蝦總目 PeracaridaCalman, 1904
- 端足類 AmphipodaLatreille, 1816
- Order Bochusacea
- 漣蟲目 Cumacea Krøyer, 1846
- 等足目 Isopoda Latreille, 1817
- Order Lophogastrida Sars, 1870
- 混足目 Mictacea Bowman, Garner, Hessler, Iliffe & Sanders, 1985
- Order Mysida Haworth, 1825
- 臀頭蝦目 Pygocephalomorpha †
- 盲蝦目 Spelaeogriphacea Gordon, 1957
- Order Stygiomysida Tchindonova, 1981
- Order Tanaidacea Dana, 1849
- Order Thermosbaenacea Monod, 1927
- Superorder Syncarida Packard, 1879
- Order Anaspidacea Calman, 1904
- 地蝦目 Bathynellacea Chappuis, 1915
- Order Palaeocaridacea †
- 真蝦總目 Eucarida Calman, 1904
- Subclass Hoplocarida Calman, 1904
- 蝦蛄目 Stomatopoda Latreille, 1817
- Subclass Phyllocarida Packard, 1879
- Order Archaeostraca †
- Order Hoplostraca †
- Order Leptostraca Claus, 1880
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
圖庫
編輯-
一隻橈腳類動物 -
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Anew Lepas anatifera (Lepadiformes) -
Balth Chthamalus stellatus (無柄目)
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Inch-foot Pollicipes polymerus (有柄目) -
Template:Amphionides reynaudii , the unique 異蝦 known. -
Crab Cancer bellianus (真蝦總目) -
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分類學參考
編輯- 世界海洋物種目錄（WoRMS）：taxon Multicrustacea Regier Shultz Zwick Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） ( + class list （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） + orders list （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）)
- Tree of Life Web Project（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） : Multicrustacea
- Animal Diversity Web : Multicrustacea[永久失效連結]
- Catalog of Life : Multicrustacea （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- IUCN : taxon Multicrustacea
參考文獻
編輯- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Boxshall, Geoff. Multicrustacea. WoRMS. 2015-05-05 [2019-02-09].
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Boxshall, Geoff. Crustacea. WoRMS. 2015-05-05 [2019-02-09].
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Jerome C. Regier; Jeffrey W. Shultz; Andreas Zwick; April Hussey; Bernard Ball; Regina Wetzer; Joel W. Martin; Clifford W. Cunningham. Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. Nature. 2010-02-25, 463 (7284): 1079–1083. PMID 20147900. doi:10.1038/nature08742.
- ^ J. C. Regier; J. W. Shultz; R. E. Kambic. Pancrustacean phylogeny: hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 2005-02-22, 272 (1561): 395–401. PMC 1634985
. PMID 15734694. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2917.
- ^ Bjoern M. von Reumont; Ronald A. Jenner; Matthew A. Wills; Emiliano Dell'Ampio; Günther Pass; Ingo Ebersberger; Benjamin Meyer; Stefan Koenemann; Thomas M. Iliffe; Alexandros Stamatakis; Oliver Niehuis; Karen Meusemann; Bernhard Misof. Pancrustacean phylogeny in the light of new phylogenomic data: support for Remipedia as the possible sister group of Hexapoda. Molecular Biology and Evolution. March 2012, 29 (3): 1031–1045. PMID 22049065. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr270.
- ^ Todd H. Oakley; Joanna M. Wolfe; Annie R. Lindgren; Alexander K. Zaharoff. Phylotranscriptomics to bring the understudied into the fold: monophyletic ostracoda, fossil placement, and pancrustacean phylogeny. Molecular Biology and Evolution. January 2013, 30 (1): 215–233. PMID 22977117. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss216.
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Cyprilepadiformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K.; Tran, Bastien. Ibliformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Lepadiformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
- ^ Buckeridge, J. S.; Newman, W. A. A revision of the Iblidae and the stalked barnacles (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Thoracica), including new ordinal, familial and generic taxa, and two new species from New Zealand and Tasmanian waters. Zootaxa. 2006, 1136: 1–38 （英語）.
- ^ Chan, Benny K.K. Scalpelliformes. WoRMS. 2010-10-22 [2019-10-22].
