大型火成岩區域

大型火成岩區（英語：Large igneous province，LIP），也譯作大火成岩省，是在地殼中規模巨大的火成岩的堆積，包括侵入或噴出。1992年，研究者首次用此術語描述面積大於100,000平方千米的火成岩堆積（略大於葡萄牙）—在幾百萬年甚至更短的地質時間間隔內，發生基性火成岩噴出或深處侵入。基性的玄武岩海床與其他正常的板塊構造的地質結果不屬於大型火成岩區域。

全球地質區域（資料出自USGS）

  地盾

  陸台

  造山帶

  盆地

  大型火成岩區

  正在擴張的地殼

海洋地殼年齡:

  0–20百萬年

  20–65百萬年

  >65百萬年

現在，大型火成岩區域的外延不僅包括基性，也包括各類型的火成岩大面積累積。可細分為「大型火山岩區域」（large volcanic provinces，LVP）與「大型深成岩區域」（large plutonic provinces，LPP）。

大型火成岩區域基本上是地幔熱柱升至地殼的結果。

某些大型火成岩區域現在還很完整，如印度的德干暗色岩；其他大型火成岩區域被板塊構造運動所肢解，如中大西洋火成岩區域（CAMP）分布在巴西、北美東部、西北非。

參見

• 火成岩
• 地質區域
• 地幔熱柱
• 地質熱點
• 岩石圈
• 海底高原
• 造山運動
• 橄欖岩
• 深成岩體
• 俯衝帶
• 超級火山
• 溢流玄武岩
• 火山型被動邊緣

相關閱讀

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外部連結

• Large Igneous Provinces Commission（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
• MantlePlumes.org（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）