無損檢測(Nondestructive testing,NDT)又稱無損檢驗,是在不影響檢測對象未來使用功能或現在的運行狀態前提下,採用射線超聲紅外電磁太赫茲無損檢測 等原理技術儀器對材料、零件、設備進行缺陷、化學、物理參數的檢測技術。常見的有超聲波檢測焊縫中的裂紋等方法。中國機械工程學會無損檢測學會是中國無損檢測學術組織,TC56是其標準化機構。

應用與技術

編輯
 
An example of a 3D replicating technique. The flexible high-resolution replicas allow surfaces to be examined and measured under laboratory conditions. A replica can be taken from all solid materials.

NDT is divided into various methods of nondestructive testing, each based on a particular scientific principle. These methods may be further subdivided into various techniques. The various methods and techniques, due to their particular natures, may lend themselves especially well to certain applications and be of little or no value at all in other applications. Therefore, choosing the right method and technique is an important part of the performance of NDT.


  1. ^ Ahi, Kiarash. A Method and System for Enhancing the Resolution of Terahertz Imaging. Measurement. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2018.06.044. 
  2. ^ ASTM E1351: "Standard Practice for Production and Evaluation of Field Metallographic Replicas" (2006)
  3. ^ BS ISO 3057 "Non-destructive testing - Metallographic replica techniques of surface examination" (1998)
  4. ^ "Fundamentals of Resonant Acoustic Method NDT" (2005)