碲化鋅鎘

碲化鎘鋅 （英語：Cadmium zinc telluride）（CdZnTe）或CZT是鎘、鋅和碲的化合物，或者更嚴格地說，是碲化鎘和碲化鋅的合金。它是一種直接帶隙半導體，可用於多種應用，包括半導體探測器（英語：Semiconductor detector）、光折變光柵、電光調製器（英語：Electro-optic modulator）、太陽能電池以及太赫茲產生和檢測。帶隙約為 1.4 至 2.2 eV，具體取決於成分^[1]。

特徵

基於1 cm³ 碲化鎘鋅(CZT)晶體的 YanDavos 輻射傳感器系統，部署在波士頓動力Spot四足機器人上，用於切爾諾貝利隔離區的輻射測繪.

A Cs-137 gamma-ray spectrum collected using an M400 pixelated CZT imaging spectrometer. Energy resolution, as measured by full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM), is better than 1%.

使用碲化鎘鋅 (CZT) 的輻射探測器可以在室溫下以直接轉換（或光電導）模式運行，這與一些需要冷卻的其他材料（特別是鍺）不同。它們的相對優勢包括由於鎘和碲的高原子序數而對X射線和伽馬射線具有高靈敏度，以及比閃爍體探測器更好的能量分辨率^[2]。碲化鎘鋅可以形成不同的形狀，以適應不同的輻射檢測應用，並且已經開發了各種電極幾何形狀，例如共面網格^[3] 和小像素探測器^[4]，以提供單極（僅電子）操作，從而提高能量分辨率。 1 cm³ CZT 晶體的靈敏度範圍為 30 keV 至 3 MeV，在 662 keV 時具有 2.5% FWHM 能量分辨率^[5]。

參見

參考資料

^ Capper, Peter. Properties of Narrow Gap Cadmium-based Compounds. INSPEC. 1994: 618. ISBN 0-85296-880-9.
^ Wilson, Matthew David; Cernik, Robert; Chen, Henry; Hansson, Conny; Iniewski, Kris; Jones, Lawrence L.; Seller, Paul; Veale, Matthew C. Small pixel CZT detector for hard X-ray spectroscopy. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2011, 652 (1): 158–161. Bibcode:2011NIMPA.652..158W. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.144.
^ Luke, P.N. Unipolar charge sensing with coplanar electrodes -- application to semiconductor detectors. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 1995, 42 (4): 207–213 [2023-08-24]. Bibcode:1995ITNS...42..207L. S2CID 64754800. doi:10.1109/23.467848. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-24）.
^ Seller, P.; Bell, S.; Cernik, R. J.; Christodoulou, C.; Egan, C. K.; Gaskin, J. A.; Jacques, S.; Pani, S.; Ramsey, B. D.; Reid, C.; Sellin, P. J.; Scuffham, J. W.; Speller, R. D.; Wilson, M. D.; Veale, M. C. Pixellated Cd(Zn)Te high-energy X-ray instrument. Journal of Instrumentation. 2011, 6 (12): C12009. Bibcode:2011JInst...6C2009S. PMC 3378031  . PMID 22737179. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/12/C12009.
^ Verbelen, Yannick; Martin, Peter G.; Ahmad, Kamran; Kaluvan, Suresh; Scott, Thomas B. Miniaturised Low-Cost Gamma Scanning Platform for Contamination Identification, Localisation and Characterisation: A New Instrument in the Decommissioning Toolkit. Sensors. 2021, 21 (8): 2884. Bibcode:2021Senso..21.2884V. PMC 8074328  . PMID 33924123. doi:10.3390/s21082884  .

外部鏈接

（英文）National Pollutant Inventory - Cadmium and compounds

[1] Capper, Peter. Properties of Narrow Gap Cadmium-based Compounds. INSPEC. 1994: 618. ISBN 0-85296-880-9.

[2] Wilson, Matthew David; Cernik, Robert; Chen, Henry; Hansson, Conny; Iniewski, Kris; Jones, Lawrence L.; Seller, Paul; Veale, Matthew C. Small pixel CZT detector for hard X-ray spectroscopy. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2011, 652 (1): 158–161. Bibcode:2011NIMPA.652..158W. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.144.

[3] Luke, P.N. Unipolar charge sensing with coplanar electrodes -- application to semiconductor detectors. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 1995, 42 (4): 207–213 [2023-08-24]. Bibcode:1995ITNS...42..207L. S2CID 64754800. doi:10.1109/23.467848. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-24）.

[4] Seller, P.; Bell, S.; Cernik, R. J.; Christodoulou, C.; Egan, C. K.; Gaskin, J. A.; Jacques, S.; Pani, S.; Ramsey, B. D.; Reid, C.; Sellin, P. J.; Scuffham, J. W.; Speller, R. D.; Wilson, M. D.; Veale, M. C. Pixellated Cd(Zn)Te high-energy X-ray instrument. Journal of Instrumentation. 2011, 6 (12): C12009. Bibcode:2011JInst...6C2009S. PMC 3378031  . PMID 22737179. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/12/C12009.

[5] Verbelen, Yannick; Martin, Peter G.; Ahmad, Kamran; Kaluvan, Suresh; Scott, Thomas B. Miniaturised Low-Cost Gamma Scanning Platform for Contamination Identification, Localisation and Characterisation: A New Instrument in the Decommissioning Toolkit. Sensors. 2021, 21 (8): 2884. Bibcode:2021Senso..21.2884V. PMC 8074328  . PMID 33924123. doi:10.3390/s21082884  .

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