腦萎縮中樞神經系統疾病所造成的一種症狀, [1]是指腦組織的細胞(神經元)體積縮小。[2]如果大腦半球出現萎縮,思維和自理能力可能會受到影響。

一定程度的腦萎縮是由於衰老而自然發生的。[3]人腦在25歲時基本發育成熟。[4]35歲後大腦開始慢慢萎縮,並以每年0.2%的程度萎縮下去。[5]當達到70歲時,萎縮的速度會加快。[6]到90歲時,人腦相對於25歲時它的重量將減少15%。[7][3]

原因

編輯

腦萎縮的進度取決於疾病。

受傷

編輯
  • 中風,由於大腦供血突然中斷而導致大腦功能喪失
  • 中度至重度創傷性腦損傷[8]

參考文獻

編輯
  1. ^ Cerebral Atrophy Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). [2014-03-28]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-04). 
  2. ^ The Shrinking Brain: Cerebral Atrophy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. September 2019, 47 (9): 1941–1959. PMC 6757025 . PMID 30341741. doi:10.1007/s10439-018-02148-2. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 The extended scope of neuroimaging and prospects in brain atrophy mitigation: A systematic review. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery. March 2021, 23: 100875. doi:10.1016/j.inat.2020.100875. 
  4. ^ Maturation of the adolescent brain. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. April 2013, 9: 449–461. PMC 3621648 . PMID 23579318. doi:10.2147/NDT.S39776. 
  5. ^ Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences. 2013. ISBN 978-0-12-382166-9. 
  6. ^ Ageing and the brain. Postgraduate Medical Journal. February 2006, 82 (964): 84–88. PMC 2596698 . PMID 16461469. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.036665. 
  7. ^ White matter disease as a biomarker for long-term cerebrovascular disease and dementia. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine. March 2014, 16 (3): 292. PMC 3964019 . PMID 24496967. doi:10.1007/s11936-013-0292-z. 
  8. ^ Harris, Taylor C.; de Rooij, Rijk; Kuhl, Ellen. The Shrinking Brain: Cerebral Atrophy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Annals of Biomedical Engineering (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2018-10-17, 47 (9): 1941–1959. ISSN 0090-6964. PMC 6757025 . PMID 30341741. doi:10.1007/s10439-018-02148-2.