霍爾木茲甘戰役
霍爾木茲甘戰役是指在224年4月28日，安息帝國與薩珊王朝在蘇薩地區（今伊朗舒什塔附近）爆發的重大戰役。安息帝國軍隊由國王阿爾達班四世領導，薩珊王朝軍隊則由沙阿阿爾達希爾一世及其兒子沙普爾一世領導。在長達1天的戰役中，阿爾達希爾一世的軍隊贏得勝利，最後一任安息帝國國王阿爾達班四世遭到殺害。隨着薩珊王朝軍隊在這場戰役中擊敗安息帝國軍隊，實際結束安息帝國近5個世紀對波斯的統治。在2年後，阿爾達希爾一世在前安息帝國首都帕提亞泰西封加冕成為「眾王之王」。這場戰役被波斯歷史研究認為是標誌着薩珊王朝正式開始，並統治波斯直到7世紀。
參考文獻
編輯- Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir. Ehsan Yar-Shater , 編. The History of Al-Ṭabarī.. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. 1985–2007.
- Chaumont, M. L.; Schippmann, K. Balāš VI. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 6: 574–580. 1988.
- Daryaee, Touraj. Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. I.B.Tauris. 2014: 1–240. ISBN 978-0857716668.
- McDonough, Scott. Military and Society in Sasanian Iran. Campbell, Brian; Tritle, Lawrence A. (編). The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World. Oxford University Press. 2013: 1–783. ISBN 9780195304657.
- Olbrycht, Marek Jan. Dynastic Connections in the Arsacid Empire and the Origins of the House of Sāsān. Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Pendleton, Elizabeth J.; Alram, Michael; Daryaee, Touraj (編). The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: Adaptation and Expansion. Oxbow Books. 2016. ISBN 9781785702082.
- Rajabzadeh, Hashem. Dabīr. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VI, Fasc. 5: 534–539. 1993.
- Schippmann, K. Artabanus (Arsacid kings). Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 6: 647–650. 1986a.
- Schippmann, K. Arsacids ii. The Arsacid dynasty. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5: 525–536. 1986b.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur. Hormozdgān. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XII, Fasc. 5: 469–470. 2004.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur. Sasanian Dynasty. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. 2005.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur. Šāpur I. Encyclopaedia Iranica. 2002.
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur. BESṬĀM O BENDŌY. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 2: 180–182. 1989 [13 August 2013].
- Shahbazi, A. Shapur. Bahrām VI Čōbīn. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. III, Fasc. 5. London et al.: 514–522. 1988.
- Wiesehöfer, Joseph. Ardašīr I i. History. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 4: 371–376. 1986.