威廉·亞當 (建築師)
威廉·亞當（William Adam，1689年10月 – 1748年6月24日）是一位蘇格蘭建築師和商人，生前是蘇格蘭著名的建築師之一。[1][2] 他有時擔任建築師，有時也當獨立承包商。他設計建造的建築多屬帕拉第奧式，但也受到了約翰·凡布魯的巴洛克式建築的影響。
| William Adam | |
|---|---|
 威廉·艾克曼為亞當·繪製的肖像畫，1727年 | |
| 出生 | 1689年10月 Linktown of Abbotshall（今法夫柯科迪） |
| 逝世 | 1748年6月24日（58歲） |
| 職業 | 建築師 |
| 建築 | 霍普頓莊園 馬維斯邦莊園 達夫莊園 波洛克莊園 |
| 項目 | 因弗拉雷城堡 |
在18世紀，威廉·亞當被譽為蘇格蘭的「世界建築師」（Universal Architect），以顯示他的聲望與影響力。[3] 但到了20世紀早期，一些建築評論家，例如科林·麥克威廉等開始對其進行批判。[1] 他的兒子中有三人，即約翰、羅伯特和詹姆斯也成為了較有名氣的建築師，後兩者也是「亞當風格」的創始人。
註釋
編輯- ^ 1.0 1.1 McWilliam, p.57
- ^ Glendinning, et al. (1999) p.48
- ^ John Clerk of Eldin first used the term "Universal Architect" to describe Adam, in his unpublished Life of Robert Adam. Gifford (1990) p.1
參考書目
編輯- Colvin, Howard, (1978) A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600–1840, John Murray
- Donaldson, Peter R. Conservation Case Study: The Duff House Project. Architectural Heritage. 1996, VI: 33–48.
- Dunbar, John (1978) Architecture of Scotland, 2nd edition, B.T. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-1142-2
- Fenwick, Hubert (1970) Architect Royal: the Life and Work of Sir William Bruce, Roundwood Press
- Fleming, John (1962) Robert Adam and His Circle, John Murray
- Friedman, Terry. Mr Inigo Pilaster and Sir Christopher Cupolo: On the Advantages of Architectural Farrago. Architectural Heritage. 1990, I: 33–48.
- Gifford, John (1989) William Adam 1689–1748, Mainstream Publishing / RIAS
- Gifford, John. William Adam and the Historians. Architectural Heritage. 1990, I: 33–48.
- Gifford, John (1992) The Buildings of Scotland: Highlands and Islands, Penguin
- Glendinning, Miles, McKechnie, Aonghus, and McInnes, Ranald (1999) Building a Nation: The Story of Scotland's Architecture, Canongate. ISBN 0-86241-830-5
- Glendinning, Miles, and McKechnie, Aonghus, (2004) Scottish Architecture, Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20374-1
- Hannah, Ian C. (1988) The Story of Scotland in Stone, 2nd edition, Strong Oak Press. ISBN 1-871048-05-2
- McKean, Charles (2004) The Scottish Chateau, Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-3527-8
- McWilliam, Colin (1978) The Buildings of Scotland: Lothian (except Edinburgh), Penguin
- Rykwert, Joseph, and Rykwert, Anne (1985) The Brothers Adam – The Men and the Style, Collins, London. ISBN 0-00-217509-6
- Walker, Frank Arneil (2000) The Buildings of Scotland: Argyll and Bute, Penguin
擴展閱讀
編輯- Adam, William. Vitruvius Scoticus Being a Collection of Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Public Buildings, Noblemen's and Gentlemen's Houses in Scotland, Principally from the Designs of the Late William Adams, Esq. Architect. Edinburgh: Printed for Adam Black and J.J. Robertson, 1812.
- Gifford, John. William Adam, 1689–1748 A Life and Times of Scotland's Universal Architect. Edinburgh: Mainstream, 1989. ISBN 1-85158-295-9
- Howard, Deborah (Ed.), William Adam. Architectural Heritage I. The Journal of the Architectural Heritage Society of Scotland, issue 17. Edinburgh, University Press. 1990. ISBN 0-7486-0232-1
外部連結
編輯- Testament Testamentar of William Adam, architect in Edinburgh （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） from Scotland's People