網足蟲屬
網足蟲屬(學名:Gromia)是絲足蟲門的一個屬,為單細胞生物,棲息在淡水或海水中,本屬生物形似變形蟲,有一蛋白質組成的蜂窩狀殼體將細胞質包覆,並有許多偽足從殼體表面的孔洞中伸出,可互相交連形成網狀結構[1],用以爬行移動[2]。本屬物種的直徑介於0.4-30毫米間,細胞質中具有Stercomata(排泄物)與礦物顆粒[3],殼體形狀多變,有球型者(G. oviformis),也有梨形者(G. pyriforminis),常作為本屬物種的分類依據。本屬生物可行無性生殖與有性生殖[4]。
網足蟲屬 | |
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網足蟲(1)與其他有孔蟲界的生物(2-7) | |
科學分類 | |
門: | 變形蟲門 Amoebozoa |
綱: | 根足綱 Rhizopodea |
目: | 無殼目 Aconchulinida |
科: | 網蟲足科 Gromiidae |
屬: | 網足蟲屬 Gromia Dujardin, 1835 |
異名 | |
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本屬最早被發現的物種為G. oviformis,於1835年在英國海邊的潮間帶被發現[5],1990年代起開始有多種深海中的網足蟲被發現,包括生存在4392公尺深處者[3],深海的網足蟲可能在碳循環[3] 與氮循環(反硝化反應)[6]中扮演一定角色。有研究顯示本屬的一深海物種圓球網足蟲可在海床上留下爬痕,與複雜多細胞動物所留下的遺跡化石類似,使考古學家懷疑此類化石是否能當作多細胞動物存在的依據[7] 。
下屬物種
編輯本屬包括以下物種:[8]
- Gromia amygdaliformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia appendiculariae Brooks & Kellner, 1908
- Gromia botelliformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
- 短網足蟲 Gromia brevis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
- Gromia cedhageni Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia cucumiformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
- Gromia dubia Gruber, 1884
- Gromia dujardinii Schultze, 1854
- Gromia fluvialis Dujardin, 1837
- Gromia granulata Schulze, 1875
- Gromia hyalina Schlumberger, 1845
- Gromia landrethi Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia liasica Terquem, 1866
- Gromia marmorea Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009
- Gromia melinus Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009
- Gromia oviformis Dujardin, 1835
- Gromia pashukae Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia psammophila Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia pyriformis Gooday & Bowser, 2005
- Gromia saoirsei Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
- Gromia schulzei Norman, 1892
- Gromia solenopus Zarnik, 1907
- 圓球網足蟲 Gromia sphaerica Gooday, Bowser, Bett & Smith, 2000
- Gromia winnetoui Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Longet, D., Burki, F., Flakowski, J., Berney, C., Polet, S., Fahrni, J., & Pawlowski, J. (2004). Multigene evidence for close evolutionary relations between Gromia and foraminifera. Acta Protozoologica, 43(4), 303–311.
- ^ Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rothe, N., Gooday, A. J., Cedhagen, T., & Alan Hughes, J. (2011). Biodiversity and distribution of the genus Gromia (Protista, Rhizaria) in the deep Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 34(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0859-z
- ^ ARNOLD, Z. M. (1966). Observations on the Sexual Generation of Gromia oviformis Dujardin. The Journal of Protozoology, 13(1), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1966.tb01863.x
- ^ Hayward, B. W., Le Coze, F., & Gross, O. (2018). World Foraminifera Database. Gromia Dujardin. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from http://www.marinespecies.org/foraminifera/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=111984 (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)
- ^ Høgslund, S., Cedhagen, T., Bowser, S. S., & Risgaard-Petersen, N. (2017). Sinks and Sources of Intracellular Nitrate in Gromiids. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(APR), 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00617
- ^ Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
- ^ Gromia Dujardin, 1835. GBIF. [2023-01-16]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-16).