Collaboratory

Collaboratory是由威廉·伍爾夫於1989年提出的概念，它被定義為一個沒有界限的中心，國家的研究人員可以在其中進行研究，無需受限於物理位置，能夠與同事互動，訪問儀器、共享數據和計算資源，並從數字圖書館中獲取信息。

1991年，Laurence C. Rosenberg認為Collaboratory是一個實驗和實證研究環境，在這個環境中，科學家們相互工作和交流，設計系統，參與協作科學，並進行實驗以評估和改進系統。這些定義的簡化形式將Collaboratory描述為參與者利用計算和通信技術訪問共享儀器和數據，並與他人進行溝通的環境。

1998年，Sara Ann Bly對這一定義進行了進一步細化，將Collaboratory描述為一個系統，將整個科學界的利益與計算機科學和工程界的利益結合起來，以創建集成的、面向工具的計算和通信系統，以支持科學合作。

2003年，Derrick L. Cogburn提供了一個更廣泛的定義，指出Collaboratory不僅僅是信息和通信技術的整合，它還是一種新的網絡化組織形式，涵蓋了社會過程、合作技巧、正式和非正式的溝通，以及達成一致的規範、原則、價值觀和規則）。

外部連結

• Collaboratory （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• upyter （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）

參見

• Jupyter
• Python

有關文獻

• Berry, B., Byrd, A., & Wieder, A. (2013). Teacherpreneurs: Innovative teachers who lead but don't leave （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
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• Olson, G.M., Teasley, S., Bietz, M. J., & Cogburn, D. L. (2002). Collaboratories to support distributed science: the example of international HIV/AIDS research, Proceedings of the 2002 annual research conference of the South African institute of computer scientists and information technologists on enablement through technology, 44–51.
• Olson, G.M., Zimmerman, A., & Bos, N. (Eds.) (2008). Scientific collaboration on the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
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• Rosenberg, L. C. (1991). Update on National Science Foundation funding of the 「collaboratory」, Communications of the ACM, 34(12), 83, New York: ACM Press.
• Sonnenwald, D.H. (2003). Expectations for a scientific collaboratory: A case study, Proceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on supporting group work, 68–74, New York: ACM Press.
• Sonnenwald, D.H., Whitton, M.C., & Maglaughlin, K.L. (2003). Scientific collaboratories: evaluating their potential, Interactions, 10(4), 9–10, New York: ACM Press.
• Wulf, W. (1989, March). The national collaboratory. In Towards a national collaboratory. Unpublished report of a National Science Foundation invitational workshop, Rockefeller University, New York.
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