冰湖沉积物

冰湖沉积物（英语：Glaciolacustrine deposits）是指在由冰川造成的湖泊中的沉积物^[1]。这些湖泊包括在冰川周缘的湖泊或其他由冰川侵蚀而成的湖泊。沉积物分两种，推移质和悬移质。前者沉积在湖边，而后者则沉积在整个湖中上。沉积物通常为黏土，和细沙的交互层，其中细沙在夏季沉积，而黏土在冬季沉积 ^[2]。

推移质沉积物

溪流中携带的推移质沉积物（主要是沙子和砾石）沉积在湖泊边缘形成的三角洲中^[3] 。

悬浮质沉积物

河流悬浮物中携带的沉积物（通常是淤泥和黏土）以悬浮状态或沿着湖底的水流输送到湖中。这些是冬季的主要沉积物，因为冰川没有融化，因此河流的流量减少，因此携带的粗物质较少。这些沉积物通常组成韵律岩，或季候泥。后者代表每年沉积的细沙和黏土。冰湖三角洲的沉积与其他湖泊沉积物一样，也是韵律岩，但它们更厚，并且包含粗粒物质。而不仅仅是细沙和粘土。越接近海岸线，黏土层保持相对相同的厚度，但细沙层的厚度会增加。

参看

湖积平原
冰河沉积物（Glaciofluvial deposits)

参考文献

^ Easterbrook, D. J. (1999). Surface Process and Landforms 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-860958-6
^ S. Fitzsimons, J. Howarth, Chapter 9 - Glaciolacustrine Processes, Editor(s): John Menzies, Jaap J.M. van der Meer, Past Glacial Environments (Second Edition), Elsevier, 2018, Pages 309-334, ISBN 9780081005248, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100524-8.00009-9.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081005248000099)
^ Gail M. Ashley, 11 - Glaciolacustrine environments, Editor(s): John Menzies, Modern and Past Glacial Environments, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002, Pages 335-359, ISBN 9780750642262, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-075064226-2/50014-3. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780750642262500143)

[”Easterbrook”-1] Easterbrook, D. J. (1999). Surface Process and Landforms 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-860958-6

[”Fitzsimons”-2] S. Fitzsimons, J. Howarth, Chapter 9 - Glaciolacustrine Processes, Editor(s): John Menzies, Jaap J.M. van der Meer, Past Glacial Environments (Second Edition), Elsevier, 2018, Pages 309-334, ISBN 9780081005248, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100524-8.00009-9.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081005248000099)

[”Ashley”-3] Gail M. Ashley, 11 - Glaciolacustrine environments, Editor(s): John Menzies, Modern and Past Glacial Environments, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002, Pages 335-359, ISBN 9780750642262, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-075064226-2/50014-3. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780750642262500143)

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