维基百科

沙巴摩洛袭击

沙巴摩洛袭击是1962年至今，在马来西亚沙巴发生的一系列来自菲律宾摩洛人的攻击。许多平民这些事故中死亡或遭遇，引起沙巴土著人民之间增加了抗菲律宾情绪。[62][63]

沙巴摩洛袭击
莫洛冲突的一部分

19世纪至今沙巴摩洛海盗和武装分子的袭击
日期1962 年 12 月 8 日[17] – 至今
(62年2周又3天)
地点
马来西亚沙巴
结果

沙巴局势得到控制，跨境袭击持续发生；

参战方

 马来西亚

 菲律宾 (after 1986)[1]
 印度尼西亚[2]
 越南[3]
 新加坡[4]
 泰国[5]

支持

邦萨莫洛民兵支持:

莫洛伊斯兰解放阵线[11]
莫洛民族解放阵线[12][13]		 阿布沙耶夫 (2000 年–至今)
摩洛海盗 (1963 年–至今)

 苏禄苏丹国 (2013 年–至今)

支持:
菲律宾（至 1986 年）
莫洛民族解放阵线 (2001–2015)[14][15][16]
指挥官与领导者

Anwar Ibrahim (Prime Minister of Malaysia)
Mohamad Hasan (Minister of Defence)
Hajiji Noor (Chief Minister of Sabah)
Joko Widodo (President of Indonesia)
Murad Ebrahim[29]
Mohagher Iqbal[11]
Muslimin Sema[30]
Former leader

PM full list
CM full list
PR full list
PR full list

Radullan Sahiron (current Emir of Abu Sayyaf) #
Abdurajak Janjalani  †

Khadaffy Janjalani  †
Isnilon Totoni Hapilon  †
Phudgal Kiram[36] (Raja Muda of the Sulu Sultanate)
Various pirates leader
Jamalul Kiram III #

Agbimuddin Kiram #
Ismael Kiram II[36] #
Former support
Diosdado Macapagal #[37]
Ferdinand Marcos #[38]

Nur Misuari (2001–2015)[14][15][16][39][40]
参战单位

NSOF:
Malaysian Armed Forces
Royal Malaysia Police
Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency

British coalition
(until 1966)

Armed Forces of the Philippines
Philippine National Police

Indonesian National Armed Forces
Indonesian National Police		 Abu Sayyaf

Moro Pirates

Royal Security Forces of the Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo
兵力
Malaysian security forces:
British coalition
(until 1966)

Philippine security forces:
uncertain
Indonesian security forces:
uncertain Law abiding Moro rebels:

uncertain		 Abu Sayyaf: unknown

Kiram followers:

  • 235[45]
    Moro Pirates: unknown
伤亡与损失
Malaysian security forces:
British coalition
(until 1966)
  • uncertain

Philippine security forces:

Indonesian security forces:

  • uncertain

Law abiding Moro rebels:

Abu Sayyaf:

+10 captured


Kiram followers:

参考

编辑
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Ubac, Michael Lim. Aquino: I won't allow Sulu sultan to drag PH into war with Malaysia. The Philippine Daily Inquirer. 7 March 2013 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于24 July 2014）. President Aquino said in a statement, 'I appeal to you (Jamalul Kiram III) — we should be really clear on this – this incident is wrong. If this is wrong, why should we (the government) lend support to this? We should support what is right… which will lead us to brighter prospects; the wrong option will only bring us ruin. That's it, that's my simple message.' He also added 'Let's not forget: What they (the Jamalul Kiram III faction) are pushing for is their right as so-called heirs of the sultan of Sulu. It's not yet clear if their rights have been transferred to the Philippines. But we (the Philippines citizens and our nation) will all be affected by their conflict (with Malaysia).’ 
  2. ^ Febrianto. Indonesia Tak Boleh Tunduk Terhadap Terorisme Abus Sayyaf! [Indonesia Cannot Bow to Terrorism of Abu Sayyaf!]. Rima News. 29 March 2016 [30 March 2016]. （原始内容存档于25 April 2016） （印度尼西亚语）. 
  3. ^ Vietnamese ships to get piracy warnings. Vietnam News Agency. Vietnam Net. 4 May 2016 [4 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于4 September 2016）. 
  4. ^ Lim Yan Liang. Eng Hen: Joint Sulu Sea patrols a welcome initiative to tackle terror. The Straits Times. 6 June 2016 [14 June 2017]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-02）. 
  5. ^ Ruksith Sitthitool. Thailand to be invited by Malaysia as observers for Sulu Sea Patrol. Thai Tribune. 20 April 2016 [14 June 2017]. （原始内容存档于30 January 2019）. 
  6. ^ Ranjit Singh. Brunei, 1839–1983: the problems of political survival. Oxford University Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-19-582571-8. 
  7. ^ Alito Malinao. No links with Kiram, says Brunei embassy. Manila Standard. 27 August 1989 [19 June 2015]. 
  8. ^ Steven Runciman. The White Rajah: A History of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946. Cambridge University Press. 3 February 2011: 116–. ISBN 978-0-521-12899-5. 
  9. ^ Nicholas Tarling. Southeast Asia and the Great Powers. Routledge. 17 June 2013: 58–. ISBN 978-1-135-22941-2. 
  10. ^ Marcel Burger. Brunei gives four Black Hawks as present to Malaysia. AIRheads. 23 January 2015 [24 January 2015]. （原始内容存档于24 January 2015）. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Iqbal: Sabah better off under Malaysia. The Manila Times. 14 April 2015 [15 April 2015]. （原始内容存档于4 June 2015）. 
  12. ^ MNLF strongly condemns terrorist acts in eastern Sabah. The Brunei Times. Bernama. 8 March 2013 [28 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于2 October 2016）. 
  13. ^ Dharel Placido. Misuari wants meeting with Duterte in Malaysia. ABS-CBN News. 31 August 2016 [28 September 2016]. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Teoh El Sen. MNLF supports Sulu claim, says Nur Misuari faction. Astro Awani. 14 March 2013 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于5 July 2014）. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Nur Misuari involved, says Zahid. Bernama. MySinChew English. 16 July 2014 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于16 July 2014）. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Karlos Manlupig. MNLF denies talks with Malaysia over Sabah. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 17 May 2015 [18 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于17 May 2015）. Misuari, who is hiding after the hostilities in Zamboanga in 2013, maintains his position that only the Sultanate of Sulu can pursue the negotiations for the Sabah claim. Respecting the fervent wish of the late Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Kiram III to let alone the Islamic Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo (SSNB) to negotiate peacefully with the Muslim leaders of Malaysia to settle the controversial issue in order not to repeat the March 2013 Lahad Datu, Sabah incident, Chairman Misuari has dismissed the media reports as unfounded and without any ounce of truth involving the MNLF in any level talks. The MNLF, however, asserted that the Sabah case is a non-issue because it is the "home-base for different tribal groupings of Muslims from different regions of Southeast Asia that have enjoyed peaceful and harmonious co-existence with the Chinese and Christian populace in the area. 
  17. ^ CAPTAIN THE HON. HENRY KEPPEL, R.N. THE EXPEDITION TO BORNEO OF H.M.S. DIDO FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF PIRACY. Chapman and Hall. 1846: 214–. 
  18. ^ Philippines rebel leader arrested. BBC News. 25 November 2001 [26 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于26 September 2015）. Malaysia's Inspector-General of Police Norian Mai said Mr Misuari and six of his followers were arrested at 3.30 am on Saturday (1930 GMT Friday) on Jampiras island off Sabah state. Manila had ordered his arrest on charges of instigating a rebellion after the government suspended his governorship of an autonomous Muslim region in Mindanao, the ARMM. Although the Philippines has no extradition treaty with Malaysia, the authorities have already made clear that they intend to hand Mr Misuari over to the authorities in Manila as soon as possible. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad had said before the arrest that, although his country had provided support to the rebel group in the past in its bid for autonomy, Mr Misuari had not used his powers correctly. "Therefore, we no long feel responsible to provide him with any assistance," he said. 
  19. ^ Nur Misuari to be repatriated to stand trial. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 20 December 2001 [8 July 2014]. （原始内容存档于5 July 2014）. 
  20. ^ Jaymalin, Mayen. Over 26,000 Filipino illegal migrants return from Sabah. The Philippine Star. ABS-CBN News. 25 March 2014 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于2015-01-01）. 
  21. ^ Gindol, Kanul. 'Localised' illegal immigrants helping 'foreign' relatives in Sabah. The Ant Daily. 31 May 2014 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于3 June 2014）. 
  22. ^ Vanar, Muguntan. Lahad Datu: Ops Daulat officially ends today. The Star. 29 June 2013 [11 October 2013]. （原始内容存档于30 October 2013）. 
  23. ^ ESSCOM will continue to hold programmes on security within ESSZONE. New Sabah Times. 22 October 2013 [26 October 2013]. （原始内容存档于29 June 2014）. 
  24. ^ Ruben Sario. Sabah ceases cross-border trade. The Star. 7 April 2016 [24 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-02）. 
  25. ^ Ruben Sario. Sabah to lift barter trade ban in east coast from Feb 1. The Star. 17 January 2017 [1 February 2017]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-07）. 
  26. ^ Antonio L. Colina IV. Cross border trade between Malaysia and ARMM's island provinces to reopen on Feb. 1. Minda News. 25 January 2017 [1 February 2017]. （原始内容存档于1 February 2017）. 
  27. ^ Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines agree to intensify maritime security. Antara. 15 July 2016 [28 September 2016]. 
  28. ^ Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines: Maritime Cooperation Agreement Finalized. Stratfor. 2 August 2016 [28 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-10）. 
  29. ^ Moro refugees, immigrants in Sabah should return, develop homeland – Kurup. The Borneo Post. Bernama. 21 January 2013 [20 September 2013]. 
  30. ^ John Unson. Sema calls for sobriety, prudence among Moro groups. The Philippine Star. 11 March 2013 [28 September 2016]. 
  31. ^ Aquino to meet heirs of sultan on Sabah. Manila Standard. 16 April 1989 [6 July 2015]. 
  32. ^ 32.0 32.1 Marites Dañguilan Vitug. Sabah, Ramos and Arroyo. Rappler. 11 March 2013 [27 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于27 September 2015）. 
  33. ^ FVR to PNoy: Meet with Sultan Kiram to address Sabah conflict. GMA News. 6 March 2013 [27 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于27 September 2015）. 
  34. ^ Jurgen Haacke. ASEAN's Diplomatic and Security Culture: Origins, Development and Prospects. Routledge. 13 May 2013: 187–. ISBN 978-1-136-13146-2. 
  35. ^ President Yudhoyono hopes Sabah problem to be resolved soon. Balita. 9 March 2013 [14 January 2014]. （原始内容存档于22 April 2019）. 
  36. ^ 36.0 36.1 Rashvinjeet S. Bedi. Self-styled Sulu Sultan names Phugdal to be Raja Muda. The Star. 27 January 2015 [27 January 2015]. 
  37. ^ Durian Amina Rasul. Basis of the Sabah claim. The Manila Times. 14 May 2009 [19 June 2015]. 
  38. ^ Marcos order: Destabilize, take Sabah. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2 April 2000 [19 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-11）. 
  39. ^ Duterte: Misuari wants amnesty for Abu Sayyaf. ABS-CBN News. 28 September 2016 [30 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于2016-09-30）. 
  40. ^ Nestor Corrales. Misuari accuses Malaysia of using Moro people in kidnap-for-ransom activities. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 3 November 2016 [4 November 2016]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-04）. 
  41. ^ 41.0 41.1 Ian Pfennigwerth. Tiger Territory: The Untold Story of the Royal Australian Navy in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1971. Rosenberg. 2008: 69–. ISBN 978-1-877058-65-3. [失效链接]
  42. ^ 42.0 42.1 New Zealand. Registrar-General's Office; New Zealand. Census and Statistics Dept; New Zealand. Dept. of Statistics. New Zealand official yearbook. New Zealand. Statistics New Zealand. 1957. 
  43. ^ New Zealand. Dept. of External Affairs. External Affairs Review. 1963. 
  44. ^ Army strength in Sabah at the optimum level. Daily Express. 9 September 2015 [9 September 2015]. （原始内容存档于24 September 2015）. 
  45. ^ Abigail C. Kwok. Sulu Governor: No MNLF rescue mission for Filipinos in Sabah. Inter Aksyon. 10 April 2013 [8 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于7 November 2014）. 
  46. ^ 46.0 46.1 Policeman dies in shootout with pirates. New Sunday Times. 24 September 1985 [9 September 2015]. 
  47. ^ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 Kronologi pencerobohon Lahad Datu [Chronology of Lahad Datu invasion] (video). Astro Awani. 事件发生在 1:20. 15 February 2014 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-03-02） （马来语）. 
  48. ^ Malaysian cop killed, another kidnapped in Sabah. One News. Television New Zealand. 13 July 2014 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-15）. 
  49. ^ 49.0 49.1 49.2 Malaysia security forces shoot dead 3 suspected kidnappers in Sabah waters. The Straits Times. The Star/Asia News Network. 9 December 2016 [9 December 2016]. 
  50. ^ 50.0 50.1 Ramli Dollah. Lanun atau Mundu di Sabah [Pirates or Mundu in Sabah] (PDF). University of Malaya: 176, 178 and 180 (6, 8 and 10). 9 December 2004 [5 November 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于30 October 2014） （马来语）. 
  51. ^ Charles Ramendran. Intruder shot dead in boat off Semporna. The Sun. 26 October 2014 [5 November 2014]. 
  52. ^ 1 killed, 11 from southern PHL arrested off Sabah after boat chase – report. GMA News. 17 May 2015 [18 May 2015]. 
  53. ^ Police shoot dead Filipino wanted criminal in shootout. Bernama. The Sun. 29 September 2017 [16 October 2017]. [失效链接]
  54. ^ Avila Geraldine. Gunman killed in shootout with security forces linked to KFR and Abu Sayyaf groups. New Straits Times. 4 December 2017 [4 December 2017]. （原始内容存档于4 December 2017）. 
  55. ^ Alleged Pinoy intruder shot at PHL-Malaysian border —report. GMA News. 5 September 2014 [5 November 2014]. 
  56. ^ Two gunmen on the loose in Malaysia with hostage in tow. The Straits Times. The Star/Asia News Network. 9 December 2016 [9 December 2016]. 
  57. ^ Muguntan Vanar. Sabah police chief: Penampang robbers were Sulu militants. The Star. 5 November 2014 [5 November 2014]. 
  58. ^ Major incidences of Sabah cross-border crimes. The Star. [6 November 2014]. （原始内容存档于23 July 2014）. 
  59. ^ Stefan Eklöf. Pirates in Paradise: A Modern History of Southeast Asia's Maritime Marauders. NIAS Press. 1 January 2006: 38–. ISBN 978-87-91114-37-3. 
  60. ^ 60.0 60.1 Masayuki Doi. Filipino pirates wreak havoc in a Malaysian island paradise. The Sydney Morning Herald. 30 October 1985 [5 November 2014]. 
  61. ^ Abu Sayyaf behind Taiwanese man's murder, wife's kidnapping, police say. Taipei Times. 17 November 2013 [5 November 2014]. 
  62. ^ Marcos order: Destabilize, take Sabah. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2004月2日 [2016年9月12日]. （原始内容存档于2016年5月9日）. 
  63. ^ Masayuki Doi. Filipino pirates wreak havoc in a Malaysian island paradise. The Sydney Morning Herald. 1985年10月30日 [2016年9月12日]. （原始内容存档于2016年4月29日）. 


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