维也纳整流器

Vienna整流器(英语:Vienna rectifier)是脉冲宽度调变整流器,可以接收三相交流电源,也是功率因数修正电路,是Johann W. Kolar在1993年发明[1]

Vienna 整流器的电路图

特点

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Vienna 整流器的特点如下:

  • 三相三电平的PWM整流器,其中包括三个功率晶体,可以控制输出电压[2]
  • 输入只需要三条电源线,不需要连接对应中性点的线
  • 主回路维持电阻特性[来源请求]
  • 升压式架构(输入电流连续)
  • 单向的功率流动[3]
  • 高功率密度
  • 低的导通共模EMI噪声
  • 要控制使中性点电压稳定,比较简单[4]
  • 低复杂度,实现成本低[3]
  • 低导通损失[5]
  • 在电源三相不平衡,或是电源失效时,仍有可靠的行为特性(保证有类似电阻的特性)[6]

拓朴

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Vienna整流器是三相三电平的PWM整流器。可以视为是三相的二极管电桥,配合整合式的升压转换器。

应用

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图2:风冷的10kw Vienna整流器的上视图及下视图(400kHz PWM)

Vienna整流器可以用在任何有用六个开关的转换器,希望产生弦波输入电流以及可控电压输出的情形,而且能量不需回灌到电路的应用下。在整务上,若有足够空间,可以证明额外硬件成本的合理性时,适合使用Vienna整流器。包括:

右图有风冷10 kW Vienna整流器(载波频率400 kHz),有弧弦波输入电流以及可控输出电压。大小是250mm x 120mm x 40mm,功率密度是8.5 kW/dm3,总重2.1 kg [7]

参考资料

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  1. ^ J. W. Kolar, „Dreiphasen-Dreipunkt-Pulsgleichrichter“, filed Dec. 23, 1993, File No.: AT2612/93, European Patent Appl.: EP 94 120 245.9-1242 entitled “Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Umformung von Drehstrom in Gleichstrom”.
  2. ^ J. W. Kolar, F. C. Zach, “A Novel Three-Phase Utility Interface Minimizing Line Current Harmonics of High-Power Telecommunications Rectifier Modules”, Record of the 16th IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference, Vancouver, Canada, Oct. 30 - Nov. 3, pp. 367-374 (1994) doi:10.1109/INTLEC.1994.396642.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 J. W. Kolar, H. Ertl, F. C. Zach, “Design and Experimental Investigation of a Three-Phase High Power Density High Efficiency Unity Power Factor PWM (Vienna) Rectifier Employing a Novel Integrated Power Semiconductor Module”, Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, San Jose (CA), USA, March 3–7, Vol.2, pp.514-523 (1996) doi:10.1109/APEC.1996.500491.
  4. ^ J. W. Kolar, U. Drofenik, F. C. Zach, “Space Vector Based Analysis of the Variation and Control of the Neutral Point Potential of Hysteresis Current Controlled Three-Phase/Switch/Level PWM Rectifier Systems”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, Singapore, Feb.21-24, Vol.1, pp.22-33 (1995) doi:10.1109/PEDS.1995.404952.
  5. ^ *Report “How to Design a 10kW Three-Phase AC/DC Interface Step by Step” at www.gecko-research.com页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  6. ^ J. W. Kolar, U. Drofenik, F. C. Zach, “Current Handling Capability of the Neutral Point of a Three-Phase/Switch/Level Boost-Type PWM (Vienna) Rectifier”, Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Baveno, Italy, June 24–27, Vol.II, pp.1329-1336 (1996) doi:10.1109/PESC.1996.548754.
  7. ^ S. D. Round, P. Karutz, M. L. Heldwein, J. W. Kolar, “Towards a 30 kW/liter, Three-Phase Unity Power Factor Rectifier”, Proceedings of the 4th Power Conversion Conference (PCC'07), Nagoya, Japan, April 2–5, CD-ROM, ISBN 1-4244-0844-X, (2007).