体侧线

体侧线（lateral line；lateral line system (LLS)；lateral line organ (LLO)；侧线管系；侧线系；侧线系统）是压力感受器官，又称侧线或感觉沟，俗称鱼腥线。几乎所有的鱼、在水中生活的两栖动物如蝾螈或是爪蟾，还有很多水生的爬行动物，如鳄鱼等，都有体侧线。这种细小的感受器官成百上千的排列在身体侧边。在鱼类身体侧面大于正中，人们可以看见一条清晰的点状线，故名。体侧线感受水流和压力波。^[1]

体侧线的组成有两种，一是劳伦氏壶腹（Ampullae of Lorenzini），二是神经丘（Neuromasts）。后者是众多的感受细胞，它们的感觉毛在胶质状的壶腹帽（Cupula）中。水流造成壶腹帽的偏移，产生神经冲动。

注释

^ Budelmann, Bernd U.; Bleckmann, Horst. A lateral line analogue in cephalopods: Water waves generate microphonic potentials in the epidermal head lines of Sepia and Lolliguncula. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 1988, 164 (1): 1–5. PMID 3236259. doi:10.1007/BF00612711.

参考文献

Coombs S and van Netten S (2006) "The Hydrodynamics and Structural Mechanics of the Lateral Line System" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） In: R E Shadwick and G V Lauder (Eds) Fish Physiology: Fish Biomechanics, 23: 103–140, Academic Press. ISBN 9780080477763.
Popper, A. N.; Platt, C. Inner ear and lateral line of bony fishes. Evans, D. H (编). The Physiology of Fishes 1st. CRC Press. 1993: 99–136. ISBN 978-0-8493-8042-6.
Schellart, Nico A. M.; Wubbels, René J. The Auditory and Mechanosensory Lateral Line System. Evans, David Hudson (编). The Physiology of Fishes 2nd. CRC Press. 1998: 283–312 [2021-01-07]. ISBN 978-0-8493-8427-1. （原始内容存档于2020-08-04）.

参见

人工侧线（英语：Artificial lateral line）(ALL)

外部链接

[1] Budelmann, Bernd U.; Bleckmann, Horst. A lateral line analogue in cephalopods: Water waves generate microphonic potentials in the epidermal head lines of Sepia and Lolliguncula. Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 1988, 164 (1): 1–5. PMID 3236259. doi:10.1007/BF00612711.

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