四甲基碘化銨
化合物
四甲基碘化銨是一種季銨鹽,化學式為[(CH3)4N]I,為無色晶體。
四甲基碘化銨 | |
---|---|
英文名 | Tetramethylammonium iodide |
別名 | 碘化四甲基銨 碘化四甲銨 |
識別 | |
CAS號 | 75-58-1 |
SMILES |
|
EINECS | 200-881-3 |
性質 | |
化學式 | C4H12IN |
摩爾質量 | 201.05 g·mol−1 |
外觀 | 無色晶體 |
密度 | 1.829 g·cm−3 |
熔點 | ≥241 °C(分解)[1] >360 °C(分解)[2] |
溶解性(水) | 微溶於水,難溶於氯仿和乙醚 |
危險性 | |
H-術語 | H315, H319, H335 |
P-術語 | P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+352, P304+340, P305+351+338, P312, P362, P403+233, P501 |
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
製備
編輯四甲基碘化銨可由三甲胺和碘甲烷的氣相反應生成。[3]甲醇、碘甲烷和28%氨溶液反應,[4]或者N,N-二甲基甲醯胺和碘甲烷在25%的鹼溶液(氨、氫氧化鈉或氫氧化鉀)中反應,都可以得到該季銨鹽。[5]
結構
編輯性質及用途
編輯四甲基碘化銨和疊氮化亞鉈反應,可以得到四甲基疊氮化銨:[7]
- [(CH3)4N]I + TlN3 → [(CH3)4N]N3 + TlI
它與硫、氰化亞銅反應,可以得到配合物[(CH3)4N][Cu(SCN)I]。[8]它和碘化鉛在γ-丁內酯中反應,可以得到具有鈣鈦礦結構的[(CH3)4N][PbI3]。[9]
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Philip N. James, H. R. Snyder. Synthesis and Reactions of α-Cyanogramine 1. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1960-02, 82 (3): 589–593 [2019-06-14]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01488a022 (英語).
- ^ O. E. Zhuravlev, V. M. Nikol’skii, L. I. Voronchikhina. Thermal stability of quaternary ammonium hexafluorophosphates and halides. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2013-06, 86 (6): 824–830 [2019-06-14]. ISSN 1070-4272. doi:10.1134/S1070427213060062 (英語).
- ^ F. A. Petrachkov. Kinetics of formation of a quaternary ammonium salt from gaseous components. Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 1954. 28: 1408-1416. ISSN: 0044-4537
- ^ Esteban Szabo. Formation of tetramethylammonium iodide. Farm. chilena, 1952. 26: 295-297. CAN47: 13862
- ^ D. Dzharov; Atanas Iovchev. Preparation of tetramethylammonium iodide(德文). Oesterreichische Chemiker-Zeitung, 1967. 68 (9): 305-306. ISSN: 0369-7061.
- ^ Alex Xenopoulos, Martina Ralle, Anton Habenschuss, Bernhard Wunderlich. X-ray powder diffraction data and thermal expansion of N(CH 3 ) 4 Br and N(CH 3 ) 4 I. Powder Diffraction. 1996-09, 11 (3): 246–249 [2019-06-14]. ISSN 0885-7156. doi:10.1017/S0885715600009192 (英語).
- ^ Kukushkin, I. K.; Velikanova, E. V.; Zlobin, V. A. Methods for preparation of quaternary ammonium azides(俄文). Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Khimiya i Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya, 2010. 53 (3): 108-110. ISSN: 0579-2991
- ^ Xi Liu, Kun-Lin Huang, Guo-Ming Liang, Ming-Sheng Wang, Guo-Cong Guo. Molecular design of luminescent halogeno-thiocyano-d10 metal complexes with in situ formation of the thiocyanate ligand. CrystEngComm. 2009, 11 (8): 1615 [2019-06-14]. ISSN 1466-8033. doi:10.1039/b902121c (英語).
- ^ Qiu, Yu; Guan, Xiangfeng; Jiang, Linqin; Yan, Fengpo; Yan, Qiong. High-stability hybrid perovskite photoelectric material consisting of organic amine cation, metal cation and halogen anion for solar cell device or electroluminescent device[P]. 2014. CN 104447349 A
- ^ Yizhu Lei, Rui Zhang, Wenjia Han, Hui Mei, Yanlong Gu, Bo Xiao, Guangxing Li. Promotion effects of Lewis acid/(CH3)4NI on [Co(CO)4]ˉ-catalyzed C–N bond activation in the carbonylation of trimethylamine. Catalysis Communications. 2013-08, 38: 45–49 [2019-06-14]. doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2013.04.017. (原始內容存檔於2018-06-30) (英語).