1947年拉瓦爾品第大屠殺
1947年拉瓦爾品第大屠殺是指1947年3月發生在英屬印度拉瓦爾品第地區的一場騷亂。當時穆斯林暴徒對印度教徒和錫克教徒實施大規模的暴力、屠殺和強姦。[1][2]騷亂導致2,000至7,000名錫克教徒和印度教徒死亡，大批錫克教徒離開拉瓦爾品第地區。[3][4]截至當年4月底，已有8萬名錫克教徒和印度教徒離開了當地。 [5]
參考文獻
編輯- ^ Ahmed 2011，第685頁.
- ^ Hajari 2015，第108頁.
- ^ Ahmed 2011，第221, 374頁.
- ^ Butalia 2000，第183頁.
- ^ Pandey 2001，第24頁.
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- Ahmed, Ishtiaq, The Punjab: Bloodied, Partitioned and Cleansed, New Delhi: Rupa Publications, 2022, ISBN 978-93-5520-578-0
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- Butalia, Urvashi, Community, State and Gender: Some Reflections on the Partition of India, Hasan, Mushirul (編), Inventing Boundaries: Gender, Politics and the Partition of India, New Delhi: Oxford University Press: 183, 2000, ISBN 019-565103-0
- Hajari, Nisid, Midnight's Furies: The Deadly Legacy of India's Partition, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015, ISBN 978-0-547-66924-3
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- Khosla, Gopal Das, Stern Reckoning: A Survey of the Events leading up to and following the Partition of India, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1989, ISBN 9780195624175, OCLC 22415680
- Major, Andrew, Abduction of women during the partition of the Punjab, South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 1995, 18 (1), doi:10.1080/00856409508723244
- Pandey, Gyanendra, Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India, Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 9780521807593
- Pandey, Gyanendra. The Long Life of Rumor. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political. 2002, 27 (2): 165–91 [13 April 2023]. JSTOR 40645044. S2CID 142067944. doi:10.1177/030437540202700203.
- Saint, Tarun K., Witnessing Partition: Memory, History, Fiction 2nd, Routledge, 2020 [2010], ISBN 978-0-367-21036-6
- Talbot, Ian; Singh, Gurharpal, The Partition of India, Cambridge University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-521-67256-6
- Talbot, Ian. Forsythe, David P. , 編. Encyclopedia of Human Rights 1. OUP USA: 45–53. 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-533402-9.
|chapter=被忽略 (幫助) - Talbot, Ian, Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab Unionist Party and the Partition of India, Routledge, 2013 [1996], ISBN 978-0-700-70427-9
- Talbot, Ian, The 1947 Partition violence: Characteristics and interpretations, Mohanram, Radhika; Raychaudhuri, Anindya (編), Partitions and Their Afterlives: Violence, Memories, Living, Rowman & Littlefield International, 2019, ISBN 9781783488407