Sphaleron希臘語σφαλερός,「滑的」,此處意為滑子)是粒子物理標準模型中,弱電相互作用方程的靜態解,不隨時間變化。Sphaleron常常在一些會導致重子輕子數量不守恆的理論場景中用到。這些過程無法用費曼圖攝動方法展示,因而被稱為非攝動理論。從幾何角度看,Sphaleron是無限維場中弱電勢的鞍點[1][2][3][4]

參考資料 編輯

  1. ^ Phong, Vo Quoc; Khiem, Phan Hong; Loc, Ngo Phuc Duc; Long, Hoang Ngoc. Sphaleron in the first-order electroweak phase transition with the dimension-six Higgs operator. Physical Review D. 2020-06-15, 101 (11): 116010 [2021-07-19]. ISSN 2470-0010. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.116010. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-19). 
  2. ^ Papaefstathiou, Andreas; Plätzer, Simon; Sakurai, Kazuki. On the phenomenology of sphaleron-induced processes at the LHC and beyond. Journal of High Energy Physics. 2019-12, 2019 (12): 17 [2021-07-19]. ISSN 1029-8479. doi:10.1007/JHEP12(2019)017. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-19). 
  3. ^ Zhou, Ruiyu; Bian, Ligong; Guo, Huai-Ke. Probing the Electroweak Sphaleron with Gravitational Waves. Physical Review D. 2020-05-21, 101 (9): 091903 [2021-07-19]. ISSN 2470-0010. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.091903. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-19). 
  4. ^ Ho, David L.-J.; Rajantie, Arttu. The Electroweak Sphaleron in a strong magnetic field. Physical Review D. 2020-09-08, 102 (5): 053002 [2021-07-19]. ISSN 2470-0010. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.053002. (原始內容存檔於2021-07-20).