塔特語 (高加索)
塔特語(zuhun tati;Tat language),也稱為塔特波斯語、或塔蒂波斯語,[5][6]是伊朗西南部的一種語言,與波斯語接近[7]但不能完全相互理解[8],並由阿塞拜疆以及俄羅斯的高加索塔蒂人所使用。高加索地區的山地猶太人也使用一種叫做猶太-塔特語的伊朗語言。
塔特語 | |
---|---|
zuhun tati | |
母语国家和地区 | 阿塞拜疆、達吉斯坦(俄羅斯) |
区域 | 北高加索、南高加索 |
族群 | 高加索塔蒂人、山地猶太人、阿爾梅諾-塔特人 |
母语使用人数 | 28,000 除外猶太-塔特人(1989 –)[1] |
語系 | |
文字 | |
官方地位 | |
作为官方语言 | ![]() |
語言代碼 | |
ISO 639-3 | ttt |
Glottolog | musl1236 [4] |
语言瞭望站 | 58-AAC-g |
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塔特語詞彙
编辑英語 | 塔特語 | 扎扎其語 | 北庫爾德語 | 波斯語 | 中文 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
big | kələ | gırd, pil | girs, mezin | bozorg | 大 |
blood | xun | goni | xwûn, xwîn | xûn | 血液 |
bread | nun | nan, non | non | nân | 麵包 |
bride | ərüs | veyve | bûk | arus | 新娘 |
brother | birar | bıra | bra, brat | barâdar | 兄弟 |
cat | pişik, nazu | pısing | pisîk, kitik | piši, gorbe | 貓 |
cry | girəstən | bermayen | girîn | geristan | 哭 |
dark | tarik, tariki | tari | tarî | târîk | 黑暗 |
day | ruz | roce, roje, roze | roj | ruz | 日子,天 |
donkey | xər | her | ker | xar | 驢子 |
egg | xaykərg | hak | hêk | tokhme morg | 蛋 |
eye | çüm | çım | çav | chashm | 眼睛 |
father | piyər | pi, pêr | bav, bab | pedar | 父親 |
fear (v) | tərsirən | tersayen | tirsîn | tarsidan | 害怕 |
fire | ataş | adır | agir | âtash | 火 |
God | Xuda | Homa/Huma/ Oma, Heq |
Xweda, Xudê, Xwedê, Xwādê |
Xodâ, Yazdân | 神、上帝 |
good | xub, xas, çak | hewl, rınd, weş | baş, rind | xub, beh | 好的 |
grass | güyo | vaş | gîya, çêre | sabzeh, giyah | 草 |
house | xunə | keye | xanî | xâne | 屋子 |
language | zuhun | zıwan, zon | ziman | zabân | 語言 |
moon | mah | aşme | meh | mâh | 月亮 |
mother | may, dədə | may, dadî | dayik | mâdar | 母親 |
night | şöü | şew | şev | šab | 夜晚 |
place | cə, cigə | ca | cih, geh | jâh, gâh | 地方 |
註釋
编辑- ^ 塔特語于《民族语》的链接(第18版,2015年)
- ^ Windfuhr, Gernot. The Iranian Languages. Routledge. 2009. p. 417.
- ^ Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan: Chapter I, Article 11: "The state languages of the Republic of Dagestan are Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan."
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Muslim Tat. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
- ^ Gernot Windfuhr, "Persian Grammar: history and state of its study", Walter de Gruyter, 1979. pg 4:""Tat- Persian spoken in the East Caucasus""
- ^ Windfuhr, Genot. Iranian Languages. Routledge. 2013: 417 [2021-09-26]. ISBN 978-1135797041. (原始内容存档于2021-08-20).
The Northwestern outpost of Persian is Caucasian Tat Persian (...)
- ^ Gruenberg, Alexander. (1966). Tatskij jazyk [The Tat language]. In Vinogradov, V. V. (ed.), Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 1: Indoevropejskie jazyki, 281-301
- ^ Authier, Gilles (2012). Grammaire juhuri, ou judéo-tat, langue iranienne des Juifs du Caucase de l'est. Wiesbaden: Reichert
延伸閱讀
编辑- Donald W. Stilo, “The Tati Language Group in the Sociolinguistic Context of Northwestern Iran an Transcaucasia,” Iranian Studies: Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies (IranS) 14 (1981).
- Gernot L. Windfuhr, “Typological Notes on Pronominal Cases in Iranian Tati,” Bulletin of the Asia Institute 4 (1990).
- Giles Authier, “New Strategies for Relative Clauses in Azeri an Apsheron Tat,” In Clause Linkage in Cross-Linguistic Perspective: Data-Drive Approaches to Cross-Clausal Syntax (Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton 2012).
- John M. Clifton, “Colonialism, Nationalism and Language Vitality in Azerbaijan,” in Responses to Language Endangerment: In honor of Mickey Noonan. New Directions in Language Documentation and Language Revitalization, ed. Elena Mihas, Bernard Perley, Gabriel Rei-Doval, Kathleen Wheatley (Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013): 201–205.
- John M. Clifton, “Do the Talysh and Tat Languages Have a Future in Azerbaijan?” SIL International & University of North Dakota.
- A.A. Saegehi, “New Words from the Old Language of Arran, Shirvan an Azerbaijan,” Iranian Journal of Linguistics 17.1 (2002) 21–40.
- Abbas Taheri, “Tati Dialect of Takistan,” Iranian Journal of Linguistics 9.2 (1992) 25–39.
參閱
编辑外部連結
编辑- Language Map of Azerbaijan (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Endangered Languages Project, Muslim Tat (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Tat Numeral System (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 100-word Swadesh list collected 2013 in Lahıc village (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
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