薄板龍科
薄板龍科（學名：Elasmosauridae）屬於蛇頸龍亞目，是蛇頸龍類中最先進的一群，也是頸部最長的一群。薄板龍科生存於三疊紀晚期到白堊紀末期。牠們以魚類及缺乏甲殼的頭足類為主食。
薄板龙科 化石时期：
| |
|---|---|
| |
| 薄板龍 | |
无效状况
| |
科学分类 
| |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 爬行綱 Reptilia |
| 目： | †蛇頸龍目 Plesiosauria |
| 演化支： | †新蛇頸龍類 Neoplesiosauria |
| 亚目： | †蛇頸龍亞目 Plesiosauroidea |
| 演化支： | †淺隱龍類 Cryptoclidia |
| 演化支： | †奇漁龍類 Xenopsaria |
| 科： | †薄板龙科 Elasmosauridae Cope, 1825 |
| 異名 | |
|
白堊龍科 Cimoliasauridae Persson, 1960 | |
體型
编辑薄板龍科中最早的成員體型很小，身長約3公尺。在白堊紀末期，薄板龍科的身長為14公尺，例如薄板龍。牠們的頸部是蛇頸龍類中最長的，擁有32到71節頸椎。薄板龍甚至有超過70個脊椎骨。薄板龍科的體重只有數公噸。
分類
编辑在1869年，愛德華·德林克·科普（Edward Drinker Cope）建立、命名薄板龍科，以容納薄板龍屬。
薄板龍科 Elasmosauridae下级分类如下：
- 亞歷士龍屬 Alexeyisaurus?
- 卡拉瓦亞龍屬 Callawayasaurus
- 白堊龍屬 Cimoliasaurus[1]
- 伊羅曼加龍屬 Eromangasaurus
- 費雷斯諾龍屬 Fresnosaurus
- 角龍屬 Goniosaurus
- 狡蛇龍屬 Jucha
- 萊訥河泳龍屬 Lagenanectes
- 萊瓦泳龍屬 Leivanectes
- 平椎龍屬 Leurospondylus?
- 毛伊龍屬 Mauisaurus
- 直頸龍屬 Ogmodirus?
- 覆蜥龍屬 Orophosaurus
- 近薄板龍屬 Plesioelasmosaurus[2]
- 斯堪尼龍屬 Scanisaurus
- 白浪泳龍屬 Wapuskanectes[3]
- 伍倫加龍屬 Woolungasaurus[4]
- 窈頸龍屬 Zarafasaura[5]
- 真薄板龍類 Euelasmosaurida[6]
参考资料
编辑- ^ F. Robin O'Keefe; Hallie P. Street. Osteology Of The Cryptoclidoid Plesiosaur Tatenectes laramiensis, With Comments On The Taxonomic Status Of The Cimoliasauridae (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2009, 29 (1): 48–57. Bibcode:2009JVPal..29...48O. S2CID 31924376. doi:10.1671/039.029.0118.
- ^ Schumacher, Bruce A.; Everhart, Michael J. Washed Ashore – New Elasmosaurid Specimens (Plesiosauria: Sauropterygia) from the Late Cretaceous of Colorado and Kansas and Their Bearing on Elasmosaurid Lineages of the Western Interior Seaway. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 2022, 125 (3–4): 237–263. ISSN 0022-8443. S2CID 253364262. doi:10.1660/062.125.0313.
- ^ Patrick S. Druckenmiller; Anthony P. Russell. A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, northeastern Alberta, Canada (PDF). Paludicola. 2006, 5 (4): 184–199. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-06）.
- ^ Benjamin P. Kear. A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2005, 25 (4): 792–805. S2CID 86297695. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0792:ANEPFT]2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Peggy Vincent; Nathalie Bardet; Xabier Pereda Suberbiola; Baâdi Bouya; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Saïd Meslouh. Zarafasaura oceanis, a new elasmosaurid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Maastrichtian Phosphates of Morocco and the palaeobiogeography of latest Cretaceous plesiosaurs. Gondwana Research. 2011, 19 (4): 1062–1073. Bibcode:2011GondR..19.1062V. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.10.005.
- ^ O'Gorman, Jose P. Elasmosaurid phylogeny and paleobiogeography, with a reappraisal of Aphrosaurus furlongi from the Maastrichtian of the Moreno Formation. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2020-03-13, 39 (5): e1692025. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1692025 （英语）.
- ^ Araújo, R., Polcyn M. J., Schulp A. S., Mateus O., Jacobs L. L., Gonçalves O. A., & Morais M. - L. (2015). A new elasmosaurid from the early Maastrichtian of Angola and the implications of girdle morphology on swimming style in plesiosaurs. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. FirstView, 1–12., 1
- ^ Serratos, Danielle J.; Druckenmiller, Patrick; Benson, Roger B. J. A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Bearpaw Shale (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of Montana demonstrates multiple evolutionary reductions of neck length within Elasmosauridae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2017, 37 (2): e1278608. Bibcode:2017JVPal..37E8608S. S2CID 132717607. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1278608.
- ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Coria, Rodolfo A. A new elasmosaurid specimen from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica: new evidence of a monophyletic group of Weddellian elasmosaurids. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 2016-09-21, 41 (2): 240–249. ISSN 0311-5518. doi:10.1080/03115518.2016.1224318 （英语）.
- ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Panzeri, Karen M.; Fernández, Marta S.; Santillana, Sergio; Moly, Juan J.; Reguero, Marcelo. A new elasmosaurid from the upper Maastrichtian López de Bertodano Formation: new data on weddellonectian diversity (PDF). Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 2017-07-24, 42 (4): 575–586. ISSN 0311-5518. doi:10.1080/03115518.2017.1339233 （英语）.
- ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Carignano, Ana Paula; Calvo-Marcilese, Lydia; Pérez Panera, Juan Pablo. A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the upper levels of the La Colonia Formation (upper Maastrichtian), Chubut Province, Argentina. Cretaceous Research. 2023-08-10, 152: 105674. ISSN 0195-6671. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105674 （英语）.
- ^ O'Gorman, Jose P.; Canale, Juan I.; Bona, Paula; Tineo, David E.; Reguero, Marcelo; Cárdenas, Magalí. A new elasmosaurid (Plesiosauria: Sauropterygia) from the López de Bertodano Formation: new data on the evolution of the aristonectine morphology. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2024-12-31, 22 (1). ISSN 1477-2019. doi:10.1080/14772019.2024.2312302 （英语）.