邦德事件
1500年左右循环一次的气候周期
邦德事件（英語：Bond event），又称1500年气候周期，是指北大西洋的冰筏活动，与全新世以来全球气候变化有关。目前已发生八起邦德活动，周期在1,000-1,500年之间[1][2]。
杰拉德·C·邦德通过哥伦比亚大学的拉蒙特-多爾蒂地球觀測所做了一系列北大西洋岩石轨迹的研究，于1997年发表论文，认为晚更新世以来全球气候存在1470年的周期性波动[1][3]。然而此后的研究结果表明，支持此气候循环的证据不多[2]。
此外，2005年格陵兰岛冰芯数据显示[4]，这种气候变化与丹斯伽阿德-厄施格尔周期没有太大关联[2][5][6]。北大西洋冰筏活动与美国靠近大西洋地区湖泊水位下降有关，和中东地区持续55,000年的干旱也有部分关联[7][8][9][10][11]。
列表
编辑
大多数邦德活动没有明显的气候变化标志，但通常伴随着气候转冷或干旱。
| No. | 距今 |
年份 |
备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ≈ 500 | ≈ 1500 AD | 参见小冰期[12] |
| 1 | ≈ 1,400 | ≈ 600 AD | 参见民族大遷徙[12] 和古典晚期小冰期 |
| 2 | ≈ 2,800 | ≈ 800 BC | 参见铁器时代冷期 |
| 3 | ≈ 4,200 | ≈ 2200 BC | 参见4.2千年事件；阿卡德帝国灭亡，埃及古王國時期结束[13][14] |
| 4 | ≈ 5,900 | ≈ 3900 BC | 参见5.9千年事件；撒哈拉沙漠在公元前3500–3000年间重新形成，早期青铜时代约开始于公元前3300年 |
| 5 | ≈ 8,200 | ≈ 6200 BC | 参见8.2千年事件 |
| 6 | ≈ 9,400 | ≈ 7400 BC | 挪威的冰川进行埃尔达伦活动[15]，中国气候变冷[16] |
| 7 | ≈ 10,300 | ≈ 8300 BC | |
| 8 | ≈ 11,100 | ≈ 9100 BC | 新仙女木期结束，进入北方时期[17] |
對區域氣候的影響
编辑
在南美洲中部安地斯山脈等偏遠地區發現了邦德事件。
在熱帶安第斯山脈的三個冰芯記錄中，已經確定了全新世早期和全新世中期期間多達六個邦德旋回。 這些記錄是從薩哈馬火山、瓦斯卡蘭山和伊宜馬尼峰的山峰中提取的。 探測到的周期為距今6,400年、距今5500年、距今3,700年、距今2,700年、距今1,300年和距今200年並表示溫度下降。
參見
编辑参考
编辑- ^ 1.0 1.1 Bond, G.; et al. Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene. Science. 2001, 294 (5549): 2130–2136. Bibcode:2001Sci...294.2130B. PMID 11739949. S2CID 38179371. doi:10.1126/science.1065680.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Obrochta, Stephen P.; Miyahara, Hiroko; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Crowley, Thomas J. A re-examination of evidence for the North Atlantic "1500-year cycle" at Site 609. Quaternary Science Reviews. 2012-11-08, 55: 23–33 [2022-04-09]. Bibcode:2012QSRv...55...23O. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.008. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07）.
- ^ Bond, G.; et al. A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates (PDF). Science. 1997, 278 (5341): 1257–1266. Bibcode:1997Sci...278.1257B. doi:10.1126/science.278.5341.1257. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-02-27）.
- ^ Svensson, A.; Andersen, K. K.; Bigler, M.; Clausen, H. B.; Dahl-Jensen, D.; Davies, S. M.; Johnsen, S. J.; Muscheler, R.; Parrenin, F. A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology (PDF). Clim. Past. 2008-03-31, 4 (1): 47–57 [2022-04-09]. Bibcode:2008CliPa...4...47S. doi:10.5194/cp-4-47-2008
. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-06-09）.
- ^ Ditlevsen, P. D.; Andersen, K. K.; Svensson, A. The DO-climate events are probably noise induced: statistical investigation of the claimed 1470 years cycle. Clim. Past. 2007-02-28, 3 (1): 129–134. Bibcode:2007CliPa...3..129D. doi:10.5194/cp-3-129-2007 .
- ^ Obrochta, Stephen P.; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Morén, Jan; Crowley, Thomas J. Conversion of GISP2-based sediment core age models to the GICC05 extended chronology. Quaternary Geochronology. 2014-04-01, 20: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2013.09.001.
- ^ Li, Yong-Xiang; Yu, Zicheng; Kodama, Kenneth P. Sensitive moisture response to Holocene millennial-scale climate variations in the Mid-Atlantic region, USA. The Holocene. 2007, 17 (1): 3–8. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17....3L. S2CID 2206358. doi:10.1177/0959683606069386.
- ^ Gupta, Anil K.; Anderson, David M.; Overpeck, Jonathan T. Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature. 2003, 421 (6921): 354–357. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..354G. PMID 12540924. S2CID 4304234. doi:10.1038/nature01340.
- ^ Yongjin Wang; et al. The Holocene Asian Monsoon: Links to Solar Changes and North Atlantic Climate. Science. 2005, 308 (5723): 854–857. Bibcode:2005Sci...308..854W. PMID 15879216. S2CID 54532439. doi:10.1126/science.1106296.
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- ^ 12.0 12.1 Zhao, Keliang; et al. Climatic variations over the last 4000 cal yr BP in the western margin of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, reconstructed from pollen data. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2012,. 321–322: 16–23. Bibcode:2012PPP...321...16Z. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.01.012.
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