随机共振

随机共振( SR )是一种信号增强现象，在信号分析过程中，噪声會降低信噪比，影响有用信息的提取。然而在某些特定的非线性系统中，噪声的存在能够增强微弱信号的检测能力，这种现象称为随机共振。^[1]^[2]

随机共振於1981年首次被发现^[3]。可被用于测量低于仪器检测限的透射幅度。如果将高斯噪声添加到亚阈值（即不可测量）信号中，则可以将其带入可检测区域。检测后，噪声被去除。检测范围可提高四倍。 ^[4]

参考

引用

^ Kramers, H.A.: Brownian motion in a field of force and the diffusion model of chemical reactions. Physica (Utrecht) 7, 284–304 (1940)}
^ Peter Hänggi; Peter Talkner; Michal Borkovec. Reaction-rate theory: fifty years after Kramers. Reviews of Modern Physics. 1990, 62 (2): 251–341. Bibcode:1990RvMP...62..251H. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.62.251.
^ Stochastic resonance in climatic change. Tellus. 1982, 34 (1): 10–6. Bibcode:1982TellA..34...10B. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1982.tb01787.x.
^ Measurement of weak transmittances by stochastic resonance. Optics Letters. 1998, 23 (18): 1480–2. Bibcode:1998OptL...23.1480P. PMID 18091823. doi:10.1364/OL.23.001480.

文獻

McDonnell MD, and Abbott D. What is Stochastic Resonance? Definitions, misconceptions, debates, and its relevance to biology. PLOS Computational Biology. 2009, 5 (5): e1000348. Bibcode:2009PLSCB...5E0348M. PMC 2660436  . PMID 19562010. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000348.
Gammaitoni L, Hänggi P, Jung P, Marchesoni F. Stochastic Resonance: A remarkable idea that changed our perception of noise (PDF). European Physical Journal B. 2009, 69 (1): 1–3 [2021-06-07]. Bibcode:2009EPJB...69....1G. doi:10.1140/epjb/e2009-00163-x. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-03）.
Hänggi P. Stochastic resonance in biology. How noise can enhance detection of weak signals and help improve biological information processing (PDF). ChemPhysChem. Mar 2002, 3 (3): 285–90 [2021-06-07]. PMID 12503175. doi:10.1002/1439-7641(20020315)3:3<285::AID-CPHC285>3.0.CO;2-A. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2022-01-25）.
F. Chapeau-Blondeau; D. Rousseau. Raising the noise to improve performance in optimal processing. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment. 2009, 2009 (1): P01003. Bibcode:2009JSMTE..01..003C. doi:10.1088/1742-5468/2009/01/P01003.
J.C. Comte; et al. Stochastic resonance: another way to retrieve subthreshold digital data. Physics Letters A. 2003, 309 (1): 39–43. Bibcode:2003PhLA..309...39C. doi:10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00166-X.
Stochastic resonance and sensory information processing: a tutorial and review of application. Clin Neurophysiol. Feb 2004, 115 (2): 267–81. PMID 14744566. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2003.09.014.
Stochastic resonance and the benefits of noise: from ice ages to crayfish and SQUIDs. Nature. Jan 1995, 373 (6509): 33–6. Bibcode:1995Natur.373...33W. PMID 7800036. doi:10.1038/373033a0.
Bulsara A, Gammaitoni L. Tuning in to noise (PDF). Physics Today. 1996, 49 (3): 39–45. Bibcode:1996PhT....49c..39B. doi:10.1063/1.881491. ^{[失效連結]}
F. Chapeau-Blondeau; D. Rousseau. Noise improvements in stochastic resonance: From signal amplification to optimal detection. Fluctuation and Noise Letters. 2002, 2 (3): L221–L233. doi:10.1142/S0219477502000798.
Noise-enhanced balance control in patients with diabetes and patients with stroke. Ann. Neurol. Jan 2006, 59 (1): 4–12. PMID 16287079. doi:10.1002/ana.20670.
Peter Hänggi; Peter Talkner; Michal Borkovec. Reaction-rate theory: fifty years after Kramers. Reviews of Modern Physics. 1990, 62 (2): 251–341. Bibcode:1990RvMP...62..251H. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.62.251.

外部連結

维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：随机共振

[1] Kramers, H.A.: Brownian motion in a field of force and the diffusion model of chemical reactions. Physica (Utrecht) 7, 284–304 (1940)}

[2] Peter Hänggi; Peter Talkner; Michal Borkovec. Reaction-rate theory: fifty years after Kramers. Reviews of Modern Physics. 1990, 62 (2): 251–341. Bibcode:1990RvMP...62..251H. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.62.251.

[3] Stochastic resonance in climatic change. Tellus. 1982, 34 (1): 10–6. Bibcode:1982TellA..34...10B. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1982.tb01787.x.

[4] Measurement of weak transmittances by stochastic resonance. Optics Letters. 1998, 23 (18): 1480–2. Bibcode:1998OptL...23.1480P. PMID 18091823. doi:10.1364/OL.23.001480.

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