五氟氧化碘

五氟氧化碘
识别
CAS号	16056-61-4
SMILES	FI(=O)(F)(F)(F)F;
性质
化学式	F5IO
摩尔质量	237.9 g·mol−1
外观	无色液体
密度	2.503 g/cm3
结构
偶极矩	1.08±0.10 D
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

五氟氧化碘是碘的一种氟氧化物，化学式 IOF₅。

制备

五氟氧化碘可以由七氟化碘和水、五氧化二碘、二氧化硅或磷酰氟反应而成：^[4]^[5]

IF₇ + H₂O → IOF₅ + 2 HF

2 IF₇ + I₂O₅ → 2 IOF₅ + 2 IOF₃

2 IF₇ + SiO₂ → 2 IOF₅ + SiF₄

IF₇ + POF₃ → IOF₅ + PF₅

它也可以由高碘酸或高碘酸盐和氟化氢反应而成，反应也会产生其它氟氧化物。^[6]

结构

五氟氧化碘分子呈C_4v对称性的八面体结构，^[4]它的I-F键长为1.826 Å，I-O键长为1.725 Å，O-I-F键角为97.2°。^[7]

反应

五氟氧化碘和四甲基氟化铵反应，生成N(CH₃)₄⁺IOF₆^-。^[8]它也会和一氟化氯反应产生三氟氧化氯。^[1]

它和石墨反应，生成黑色的石墨层间化合物。^[9]五氟氧化碘也会与五氟化砷和五氟化锑形成加合物。^[1]

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 John H. Holloway, David Laycock. Preparations and Reactions of Inorganic Main-Group Oxide Fluorides 27. Elsevier. 1983: 157–195 [2022-09-15]. ISBN 9780120236275. doi:10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60107-5 （英语）.
^ Selig, Henry; Williams, Clayton W.; Moody, G. J. Refractive indexes, densities, and dielectric constants of IF7 and IOF5. The Journal of Physical Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1967, 71 (8): 2739–2741. ISSN 0022-3654. doi:10.1021/j100867a060.
^ Stephen B. Pierce, C. D. Cornwell. Microwave Spectrum of IOF 5. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1967-09, 47 (5): 1731–1734 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0021-9606. doi:10.1063/1.1712157. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Proceedings of the Chemical Society. November 1963. Proceedings of the Chemical Society. 1963, (November): 325 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0369-8718. doi:10.1039/ps9630000325 （英语）.
^ C.J. Schack, K.O. Christe. New synthesis of IF5O. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 1990-08, 49 (2): 167–169 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)80375-9. （原始内容存档于2018-06-11）（英语）.
^ Henry Selig, Uri Elgad. Reactions of periodate in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and the partial hydrolysis of iodine heptafluoride. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 1976-01, 28: 91–94 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(76)80605-7. （原始内容存档于2018-06-07）（英语）.
^ Karl O. Christe, Earl C. Curtis, David A. Dixon. On the structure of IOF5 [iodine fluoride oxide]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1993-10, 115 (21): 9655–9658 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00074a034. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.
^ K. O. Christe, D. A. Dixon, A. R. Mahjoub, H. P. A. Mercier, J. C. P. Sanders, K. Seppelt, G. J. Schrobilgen, W. W. Wilson. The IOF6- anion: the first example of a pentagonal bipyramidal AX5YZ species. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1993-04, 115 (7): 2696–2706 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00060a019. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.
^ Volker Münch, Henry Selig, Lawrence B. Ebert. The reaction of iodine oxide pentafluoride and rhenium oxide pentafluoride with graphite. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 1980-03, 15 (3): 223–230 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)82578-6. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09）（英语）.

[:1-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 John H. Holloway, David Laycock. Preparations and Reactions of Inorganic Main-Group Oxide Fluorides 27. Elsevier. 1983: 157–195 [2022-09-15]. ISBN 9780120236275. doi:10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60107-5 （英语）.

[2] Selig, Henry; Williams, Clayton W.; Moody, G. J. Refractive indexes, densities, and dielectric constants of IF7 and IOF5. The Journal of Physical Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1967, 71 (8): 2739–2741. ISSN 0022-3654. doi:10.1021/j100867a060.

[3] Stephen B. Pierce, C. D. Cornwell. Microwave Spectrum of IOF 5. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1967-09, 47 (5): 1731–1734 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0021-9606. doi:10.1063/1.1712157. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.

[:0-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Proceedings of the Chemical Society. November 1963. Proceedings of the Chemical Society. 1963, (November): 325 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0369-8718. doi:10.1039/ps9630000325 （英语）.

[5] C.J. Schack, K.O. Christe. New synthesis of IF5O. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 1990-08, 49 (2): 167–169 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)80375-9. （原始内容存档于2018-06-11）（英语）.

[6] Henry Selig, Uri Elgad. Reactions of periodate in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and the partial hydrolysis of iodine heptafluoride. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 1976-01, 28: 91–94 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(76)80605-7. （原始内容存档于2018-06-07）（英语）.

[7] Karl O. Christe, Earl C. Curtis, David A. Dixon. On the structure of IOF5 [iodine fluoride oxide]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1993-10, 115 (21): 9655–9658 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00074a034. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.

[8] K. O. Christe, D. A. Dixon, A. R. Mahjoub, H. P. A. Mercier, J. C. P. Sanders, K. Seppelt, G. J. Schrobilgen, W. W. Wilson. The IOF6- anion: the first example of a pentagonal bipyramidal AX5YZ species. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1993-04, 115 (7): 2696–2706 [2022-09-15]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja00060a019. （原始内容存档于2022-09-15）（英语）.

[9] Volker Münch, Henry Selig, Lawrence B. Ebert. The reaction of iodine oxide pentafluoride and rhenium oxide pentafluoride with graphite. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 1980-03, 15 (3): 223–230 [2022-09-15]. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)82578-6. （原始内容存档于2020-06-09）（英语）.

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