伽蓝菜属

伽蓝菜属
	长寿花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：	虎耳草目 Saxifragales
科：	景天科 Crassulaceae
属：	伽蓝菜属 Kalanchoe; Adans.（英语：Michel Adanson）, 1763
部分种
	见正文
异名
	Bryophyllum Salisb. ; Crassuvia Comm. ex Lam. ; Geaya Costantin & Poiss. ; Kitchingia Baker ; Meristostylus Klotzsch ; Physocalycium Vest ; Vereia Andrews ;

伽蓝菜属（学名：Kalanchoe），又名灯笼草属，是景天科下的一个属，为肉质植物。该属共有约200种，大部分原产于非洲，少数产自亚洲热带地区。^[1]肉质的草本、亚灌木或藤本植物。叶子轮生或交互对生，光滑或有毛，很多种的叶尖有不定芽，能发育成小植株。顶生圆锥锥花序或聚伞花序，花瓣萼片均为4枚。

分布

本属有200种，1种分布美洲，56种来自非洲东部和南部，60种来自马达加斯加，其余分布在亚洲。

分类

本属大致分为以下几个亚属：^[2]^[3]

伽蓝菜亚属Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe（包括伽蓝菜K. ceratophylla、长寿花K. blossfeldiana、唐印K. luciae等）
伽蓝木亚属Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia（包括伽蓝木K. arborescens、褐斑伽蓝K. tomentosa、趣蝶莲K. synsepala等）
落地生根亚属Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum（包括落地生根K. pinnata、玉吊钟K. fedtschenkoi、极乐鸟藤K. scandens等）
钓宫灯亚属Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia（包括钓宫灯K. gracilipes等）：分子生物学研究表明柔毛钓宫灯组K. sect. Pubescentes（包括柔毛钓宫灯K. pubescens、全缘钓宫灯K. manginii等）以及银叶伽蓝菜K. pumila、折瓣伽蓝菜K. streptantha与此亚属共同构成一个单系群。
宫灯长寿亚属Kalanchoe subg. Alatae（包括宫灯长寿花K. porphyrocalyx、卧茎宫灯长寿K. uniflora）：有时并入钓宫灯亚属。

以下是本属部分物种：^[4]

Kalanchoe adelae
Kalanchoe apiifolia D.-P. Klein, Shtein & Callm.^[5]
伽蓝木 Kalanchoe arborescens
阔叶极乐鸟 Kalanchoe beauverdii
仙人扇 Kalanchoe beharensis – 仙女之舞、玫叶兔耳
Kalanchoe bentii
长寿花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Kalanchoe bouvetii
红花银伽蓝 Kalanchoe bracteata – 银景天、银茶匙、银之太鼓
巴西伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe brasiliensis Larrañaga, 1922
伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe ceratophylla Haw., 1821 – 小灯笼草
圆齿伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe crenata Britten, 1871
Kalanchoe crundallii I.Verd., 1946
斑背落地生根 Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier, 1914 – 缀卞庆、大叶虎纹落地生根、大叶落地生根
Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm.^[6]
棒叶落地生根 Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh., 1837 – 洋吊钟
Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy, 2022^[7]
变叶伽蓝木 Kalanchoe dinklagei – 麋鹿之舞
白兔耳 Kalanchoe eriophylla – 福兔耳
Kalanchoe fadeniorum
粉叶圆贝草 Kalanchoe farinacea – 圆贝草、圆贝叶
玉吊钟 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi – 蝴蝶之舞
Kalanchoe figureidoi – 媚惑彩虹
Kalanchoe flammea
掌上珠 Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri
Kalanchoe glaucescens
台南伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe garambiensis – 鹅銮鼻灯笼草
钓宫灯 Kalanchoe gracilipes
Kalanchoe grandidieri
大花伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe grandiflora
银伽蓝木 Kalanchoe hildebrantii 银茶匙
湿润落地生根 Kalanchoe humifica – 黑死蝶
Kalanchoe humilis – 紫式部、虎纹伽蓝菜
Kalanchoe hypseloleuce Friis & M. G. Gilbert^[8]
匙叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe integra – 匙叶灯笼草
佛甲伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe jongmansii
Kalanchoe kewensis
条裂伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe laciniata
绿叶落地生根 Kalanchoe laetivirens – 蕾丝姑娘、大叶落地生根、宽叶落地生根
砖色伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe lateritia – 圆叶地毡
圆齿玉吊钟 Kalanchoe laxiflora - 翩蝶之舞、锦绣牡丹、疏花落地生根
Kalanchoe linearifolia
长花伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe longiflora – 魔海
唐印 Kalanchoe luciae
大萼落地生根 Kalanchoe macrochlamys
全缘钓宫灯 Kalanchoe manginii
大理石草 Kalanchoe marmorata – 江户紫
圆叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe marnieriana – 白姬之舞、贝壳
彩萼落地生根 Kalanchoe maromokotrensis – 花灯笼
Kalanchoe millotii – 千兔耳
朱红钓宫灯 Kalanchoe miniata
耳叶掌上珠 Kalanchoe mortagei
盾叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe nyikae – 日莲之杯
钝圆伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe obtusa
金伽蓝木 Kalanchoe orgyalis – 金景天、铜茶匙、金卵
盾叶钓宫灯 Kalanchoe peltata
盾叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe peltigera
Kalanchoe peteri
Kalanchoe petitiana
落地生根 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.^[9]
宫灯长寿花 Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx
Kalanchoe prasina
珠芽落地生根 Kalanchoe prolifera – 五节之舞
Kalanchoe producta
柔毛钓宫灯 Kalanchoe pubescens
银叶伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe pumila – 白银之舞
Kalanchoe quartiniana
雀扇 Kalanchoe rhombopilosa
- Kalanchoe rhombipilosa var. viridis – 绿雀扇
- Kalanchoe rhombopilosa var. argentea – 碧灵芝
Kalanchoe robusta
Kalanchoe rolandi-bonapartei
戟叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe rosei
绿叶圆贝草 Kalanchoe rotundifolia – 小圆贝、花叶圆贝草
极乐鸟藤 Kalanchoe scandens – 极乐鸟
花莛圆贝草 Kalanchoe scapigera
伽蓝藤 Kalanchoe schizophylla
锯齿玉吊钟 Kalanchoe serrata
朱莲 Kalanchoe sexangularis
折瓣伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe streptantha
绿叶掌上珠 Kalanchoe suarezensis
趣蝶莲 Kalanchoe synsepala – 双飞蝴蝶
台东伽蓝菜 Kalanchoe tashiroi
四叶伽蓝 Kalanchoe tetraphylla
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora
褐斑伽蓝 Kalanchoe tomentosa – 月兔耳
卧茎宫灯长寿 Kalanchoe uniflora
Kalanchoe viguieri – 新加坡兔
变叶玉吊钟 Kalanchoe variifolia 渐狭玉吊钟
Kalanchoe waldheimii

杂交种：

Kalanchoe ×cantabrigiensis Guillaumin
Kalanchoe ×descoingsii Shtein, Gideon F.Sm. & J.Ikeda
Kalanchoe ×edwardii Gideon F.Sm. & Shtein
Kalanchoe ×estrelae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×felthamensis
Kalanchoe ×flaurantia Desc.
Kalanchoe ×forbesiae Gideon F.Sm. & Hankey
Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×gunniae Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×hankeyi Gideon F.Sm.
箭叶落地生根 Kalanchoe ×houghtonii D.B.Ward – 不死鸟
Kalanchoe ×hummeliae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×kewensis W.Watson
Kalanchoe ×leistneri Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×lokarana Desc.
条叶落地生根 Kalanchoe ×richaudii Desc.
矮长寿花 Kalanchoe ×trageri Gideon F.Sm.

栽培品种：

钓鱼竿宫灯 Kalanchoe cv. Tessa
锦蝶落地生根 Kalanchoe cv. Pink butterflies

参考文献

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
^ Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.
^ Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.
^ Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-27）.
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12
^ Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591
^ Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7
^ POTWO 2019.

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.

[2] Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.

[3] Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.

[4] Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-27）.

[5] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6

[6] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12

[7] Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591

[8] Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7

[FOOTNOTEPOTWO2019-9] POTWO 2019.

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