斯里
斯里（巴利语：သိရိ或සිරි或សិរិ Siri），又译作师利（梵文：𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖱 Śrī，藏体：ཤྲཱི，天城体：श्री）、室利、尸利、“西”、“师里”、“斯瑞”等，是源自于梵文的前缀词语，常在东亚、东南亚、南亚的佛教、印度教、耆那教地区以及俄罗斯佛教地区使用。
斯里的本意是“光明”、“荣耀”、“光荣”、“美观”，引申义有“庄严”、“吉祥”，古文佛典里多音译作师利、室利或意译作吉祥、庄严、威德，如文殊师利菩萨（Mañjuśri），又译曼殊室利菩萨，意译“妙吉祥”；大吉祥天女（Mahāśrī）也译为“摩诃室利”。而用在人名前时，应译作“先生”、“女士”，或“吉”、“圣”，亦可不译（有时这个词在一些人名面前会被重复多次，以示尊敬）[1]；如斯瑞·奥罗宾多（Śrī Arabinda）。在地名前时，常意译作“圣”、“吉”，或不译，有时也有译作“斯里”、“师里”等。这个词在神灵名称前时翻译为“圣”。斯里的词根原指一神灵。[2][3]
在各语言中的形式 编辑
| 语言文字 | 写法 | 注释 |
|---|---|---|
| 阿萨姆语 | শ্রী | |
| 孟加拉语 | শ্রী | |
| 天城文 | श्री | |
| 印尼语 | Sri | 常用于人名前 |
| 爪哇语 | ꦱꦿꦶ（Sri） | 常用于人名前 |
| 卡纳达语 | ಶ್ರೀ | |
| 马来语 | سري（Seri） | |
| 马拉雅拉姆语 | ശ്രീ | |
| 缅甸语 | သီရိ（Thiri） | |
| 奥里雅语 | ଶ୍ରୀ | |
| 旁遮普语 | ਸ਼੍ਰੀ | |
| 僧伽罗语 | ශ්රී | |
| 泰米尔语 | ஸ்ரீ（Shre，Shree） | |
| 泰卢固语 | శ్రీ | |
| 泰语 | ศิริ（Siri）、ศรี（Sri、Si） | 常用作爵名或地名前 |
参见 编辑
来源 编辑
- ^ Howard Measures. Styles of address: a manual of usage in writing and in speech. Macmillan. 1962: 136, 140 [19 January 2011]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-01）.
- ^ Turner, Sir Ralph Lilley; Dorothy Rivers Turner. A comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages.. London: Oxford University Press,. January 2006: 736 [1962] [22 April 2010]. （原始内容存档于2012-12-15）.
śrīˊ 12708 śrīˊ feminine ' light, beauty ' R̥gveda, ' welfare, riches ' Avestan (Iranian) Pali Prakrit sirī – feminine, Prakrit sī – feminine ' prosperity '; Marāṭhī – s honorific affix to names of relationship (e.g. āj̈ā – s, ājī – s) Jules Bloch La Formation de la Langue Marathe Paris 1920, page 412. – Sinhalese siri ' health, happiness ' (Wilhelm Geiger An Etymological Glossary of the Sinhalese Language Colombo 1941, page 180) a loanword from Pali <-> See addendum śrḗyas – , śrḗṣṭha – . See Addenda: śrīˊ – occurring for the first time in Addenda : śrīparṇī – .
- ^ Apte, Vaman Shivaram. Revised and enlarged edition of Prin. V. S. Apte's The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary. Prasad Prakashan. 1957–59: 1575.
1 Wealth, riches, affluence, prosperity, plenty; ... -2 Royalty, majesty, royal wealth;... -3 Dignity, high position, state;... -4 Beauty, grace, splendour, lustre;... -5 Colour, aspect; ... -6 The goddess of wealth, Lak-ṣmī, the wife of Viṣṇu;... -7 Any virtue or excellence. -8 Decoration. -9 Intellect, understanding. -1 Super- human power. -11 The three objects of human existence taken collectively (धर्म, अर्थ and काम). -12 The Sarala tree. -13 The Bilva tree. -14 Cloves. -15 A lotus. -16 The twelfth digit of the moon. -17 N. of Sarasvatī, (the goddess of speech). -18 Speech. -19 Fame, glory. -2 The three Vedas (वेदत्रयी);... -m. N. of one of the six Rāgas or musical modes. -a. Splendid, radiant, adorning. (The word श्री is often used as an honorific prefix to the names of deities and eminent persons; श्रीकृष्णः, श्रीरामः, श्रिवाल्मीकिः, श्रीजयदेवः; also celebrated works, generally of a sacred character; श्रीभागवत, श्रीरामायण)&c.; it is also used as an auspicious sign at the commencement of letters, manuscripts &c