荷兰西印度公司

特许西印度公司荷兰语Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie,简称GWC),通称荷兰西印度公司,创建于1621年6月3日,是荷兰联省共和国时期仿东印度公司模式建立的特许公司,被荷兰政府特许在巴西、加勒比海群岛和北美洲为进行大西洋奴隶贸易。成立之初只是为了打破西班牙及葡萄牙对西方贸易权的垄断,以及将对西战争的压力从本土转移到泛大西洋地区。在十七世纪初期到十八世纪曾对整个西半球的贸易,殖民,海盗等各方面拥有巨大的影响力。公司于1674年因债务未偿还而解体,但因为贩卖农奴的高额利润和巨大需求,以及现存的诸多殖民地的,第二家西印度公司于1675年诞生,史称为第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航线与第一家重叠,所有的船舶等财产归第二西印度公司所有。它大约拥有六百万荷兰盾的资产,其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部贡献。第二西印度公司在1792年关闭,尔后在1800年左右还出现“第三西印度公司”,但未成功建立。

荷兰西印度公司
原文名称Geoctrooieerde Westindische Compagnie
公司类型特许公司
成立1621年6月3日 (1621-06-03)
结束1792年1月1日 (1792-01-01)
创办人威廉·尤塞林克斯、Joannes de Laet 编辑维基数据
代表人物十九人董事会 (Heeren XIX)
营业据点数5(阿姆斯特丹霍恩鹿特丹格罗宁根米德尔堡
产品运送奴隶、行政人员、农民和士兵,并贩售盐、海狸皮、银、糖、烟草、咖啡、胭脂虫, 墨水树- 与蛇木(Brosimum guianense)
母公司荷兰东印度公司 编辑维基数据

相关条目 编辑

参考资料 编辑

  • 张亚中,小国崛起——转捩点上的关键抉择,联经出版事务股份有限公司,2008年,ISBN 978-957-08-3247-1
 
荷兰西印度公司阿姆斯特丹会所旗帜。
 
荷兰西印度公司阿姆斯特丹会所标志。

延伸阅读 编辑

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