荷兰西印度公司
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特许西印度公司(荷兰语:Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie,简称GWC),通称荷兰西印度公司,创建于1621年6月3日,是荷兰在联省共和国时期仿东印度公司模式建立的特许公司,被荷兰政府特许在巴西、加勒比海群岛和北美洲为进行大西洋奴隶贸易。成立之初只是为了打破西班牙及葡萄牙对西方贸易权的垄断,以及将对西战争的压力从本土转移到泛大西洋地区。在十七世纪初期到十八世纪曾对整个西半球的贸易,殖民,海盗等各方面拥有巨大的影响力。公司于1674年因债务未偿还而解体,但因为贩卖农奴的高额利润和巨大需求,以及现存的诸多殖民地的,第二家西印度公司于1675年诞生,史称为第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航线与第一家重叠,所有的船舶等财产归第二西印度公司所有。它大约拥有六百万荷兰盾的资产,其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部贡献。第二西印度公司在1792年关闭,尔后在1800年左右还出现“第三西印度公司”,但未成功建立。
荷兰西印度公司 | |
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![]() 公司旗帜 | |
![]() 荷兰西印度公司大楼,1623年到1647年的阿姆斯特丹的总部 | |
原文名称 | Geoctrooieerde Westindische Compagnie |
公司类型 | 特许公司 |
成立 | 1621年6月3日 |
结束 | 1792年1月1日 |
创办人 | 威廉·尤塞林克斯、Joannes de Laet ![]() |
代表人物 | 十九人董事会 (Heeren XIX) |
营业据点数 | 5(阿姆斯特丹、霍恩、鹿特丹、格罗宁根 和 米德尔堡) |
产品 | 运送奴隶、行政人员、农民和士兵,并贩售盐、海狸皮、银、糖、烟草、咖啡、胭脂虫, 墨水树- 与蛇木(Brosimum guianense) |
母公司 | 荷兰东印度公司 ![]() |
相关条目
编辑参考资料
编辑- 张亚中,小国崛起——转捩点上的关键抉择,联经出版事务股份有限公司,2008年,ISBN 978-957-08-3247-1
延伸阅读
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