荷蘭西印度公司
此條目沒有列出任何參考或來源。 (2016年4月28日) |
特許西印度公司（荷蘭語：Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie，簡稱GWC），通稱荷蘭西印度公司，創建於1621年6月3日，是荷蘭在聯省共和國時期仿東印度公司模式建立的特許公司，被荷蘭政府特許在巴西、加勒比海群島和北美洲為進行大西洋奴隸貿易。成立之初只是為了打破西班牙及葡萄牙對西方貿易權的壟斷，以及將對西戰爭的壓力從本土轉移到泛大西洋地區。在十七世紀初期到十八世紀曾對整個西半球的貿易，殖民，海盜等各方面擁有巨大的影響力。公司於1674年因債務未償還而解體，但因為販賣農奴的高額利潤和巨大需求，以及現存的諸多殖民地的，第二家西印度公司於1675年誕生，史稱為第二西印度公司或新西印度公司。主要航線與第一家重疊，所有的船舶等財產歸第二西印度公司所有。它大約擁有六百萬荷蘭盾的資產，其中主要由阿姆斯特丹分部貢獻。第二西印度公司在1792年關閉，爾後在1800年左右還出現「第三西印度公司」，但未成功建立。
| 荷蘭西印度公司 | |
|---|---|
 公司旗幟 | |
 荷蘭西印度公司大樓，1623年到1647年的阿姆斯特丹的總部 | |
| 原文名稱 | Geoctrooieerde Westindische Compagnie |
| 公司類型 | 特許公司 |
| 成立 | 1621年6月3日 |
| 結束 | 1792年1月1日 |
| 創辦人 | 威廉·尤塞林克斯、Joannes de Laet  |
| 代表人物 | 十九人董事會 (Heeren XIX) |
| 營業據點數 | 5（阿姆斯特丹、霍恩、鹿特丹、格羅寧根 和 米德爾堡） |
| 產品 | 運送奴隸、行政人員、農民和士兵，並販售鹽、海狸皮、銀、糖、煙草、咖啡、胭脂蟲, 墨水樹- 與蛇木(Brosimum guianense) |
| 母公司 | 荷蘭東印度公司 |
相關條目
編輯參考資料
編輯- 張亞中，小國崛起——轉捩點上的關鍵抉擇，聯經出版事務股份有限公司，2008年，ISBN 978-957-08-3247-1
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延伸閱讀
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