图书馆:倫敦警察廳架構
{{Pathnav|伦敦警察厅|frame=1}}
{{noteTA |T=zh-cn:伦敦警察厅架构;zh-hk:伦敦警务处架构;zh-tw:伦敦警察厅架构 |1=zh-cn:伦敦警察厅;zh-hk:伦敦警务处;zh-tw:伦敦警察厅 |2=zh:总监;zh-hans:总监;zh-hk:处长;zh-tw:总监; |3=zh:巡佐;zh-hans:巡佐;zh-hk:警长;zh-tw:巡佐; |4=zh:警察局;zh-hans:警察局;zh-hk:警署;zh-tw:警察局; |5=zh:警察厅;zh-hans:警察厅;zh-hk:警务处;zh-tw:警察厅; |6=zh:副总监;zh-hans:副总监;zh-hk:副处长;zh-tw:副总监; |7=zh:助理总监;zh-hans:助理总监;zh-hk:助理处长;zh-tw:助理总监; |8=zh:副助理总监;zh-hans:副助理总监;zh-hk:副助理处长;zh-tw:副助理总监; |9=zh-cn:克雷格·麦基; zh-tw:克雷格·麦基; zh-hk:麦畿义; }} {{Distinguish|伦敦市警察}}
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Mounted.police.buckingham.palace.arp.jpg/300px-Mounted.police.buckingham.palace.arp.jpg)
{{portal box|英国|警察与执法}} 伦敦警察厅由数个主要部分构成,每个部门各司其职。主要的部门有地区巡逻部(Territorial Policing Directorate)、专门刑事部({{tsl|en|Specialist Crime Directorate|Specialist Crime Directorate}})、特殊行动部({{tsl|en|Specialist Operations|Specialist Operations}})、中央行动部({{tsl|en|Central Operations|Central Operations}}),及行政暨支援(administration and support)。每个部门皆由警察厅助理处长({{tsl|en|Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Assistant Commissioner}})负责监督。管理委员会则由警察厅总监({{tsl|en|Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Commissioner}},即厅长)、副处长({{tsl|en|Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Deputy Commissioner}},副厅长)及各部门领导人组成[1]。
高层干部
编辑- 总监:伯纳·霍根-豪({{tsl|en|Bernard Hogan-Howe|Bernard Hogan-Howe}})
- 副处长:克雷格·麦基(Craig Mackey)
- 助理处长({{tsl|en|Assistant Commissioner|Assistant Commissioner}})
地区巡逻部(Territorial Policing)
编辑地区巡逻部(缩写TP)负责大伦敦地区内部每日的地方性巡逻,巡逻范围组成了伦敦警察厅警区({{tsl|en|Metropolitan Police District|Metropolitan Police District}})。被划分为32个自治市行动指挥队({{tsl|en|Basic Command Unit|Borough Operational Command Units}},缩写BOCUs),大伦敦的每个自治市各设置一支[3],大多数的队由一位总警司({{tsl|en|Chief Superintendent#United Kingdom|Chief Superintendent}})领导,而西敏市行动队则由于其辖区内密集分布着英国政府各部会机,因此由高级警官({{tsl|en|Commander#British police rank|Commander}},位阶高于总警司一级)领导。
每个行动队皆有负责巡逻、处理紧急状况的警员。社区守望相助队[4](Safer Neighbourhood Teams,缩写SNTs)由警员及警方社区支援员[5]({{tsl|en|Police Community Support Officer|Police Community Support Officer}})组成,负责在某行动队辖下的特定区域内巡逻。刑事侦缉科({{tsl|en|Criminal Investigation Department|Criminal Investigation Department}},即CID)的刑警亦附属于各个行动组,执行调查工作。
皇家公园行动指挥队({{tsl|en|Royal Parks Operational Command Unit|Royal Parks Operational Command Unit}})及交通安全行动指挥队({{tsl|en|Safer Transport Command|Safer Transport Command}})同样也是地区巡逻部的下辖单位[6][7]https://web.archive.org/web/20100922220154/http://www.met.police.uk/foi/pdfs/who_we_are_and_what_we_do/corporate/mps_organisational_chart.pdf%3C/ref%3E
各自治市警员数量
编辑{{update|time=June 2010}} 括号内的两个英文字母为各自治市的识别码,每位在该自治市值勤的警员和巡佐都会在制服的肩章上标记这些字母。 {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} 巴金-达格纳姆(KG):443
巴尼特(SX):595
贝克斯利(RY):406
布伦特(QK):699
布罗姆利(PY):522
卡姆登(EK):886
克罗伊登(ZD):747
伊灵(XB):727
恩菲尔德(YE):592
格林尼治(RG):703
哈克尼(GD):773
哈默史密斯-富勒姆(FH):590
哈林盖(YR):728
哈罗(QA):389
黑弗灵(KD):389
希灵登(XH):516
豪恩斯洛(TX):523 {{col-break}} 伊斯灵顿(NI):712
泰晤士河畔金斯顿(VK):322
兰贝斯(LX):1,038
路厄斯罕(PL):681
默顿(VW):390
纽汉(KF):816
雷德布里奇(JI):496
泰晤士河畔里士滿(TW):326
肯辛顿-切尔西(BS):571
萨瑟克(MD):952
萨顿(ZT):351
沃尔瑟姆福里斯特(JC):571
陶尔哈姆莱茨(HT):818
旺兹沃思(WW):613
威斯特敏特市(CW):1,627 {{col-end}}
(以上资料仅包含派驻在各区的警员,隶属于中央行动部等专门单位的警员未列入)
最新的统计资讯可参访监管局的官方网站
专门刑事部(Specialist Crime Directorate,SCD)
编辑专门刑事部(缩写SCD)是伦敦警察厅的调查部门[9],负责针对重大案件、有组织犯罪及特殊犯罪等案件的调查工作,有时也会介入刑事侦缉科无权侦办的案件。该部门由一名助理处长统率、四名高级警官领导内部的基层行动指挥队({{tsl|en|Basic Command Unit|Operational Command Units}},缩写OCU)[10]
专门刑事部被分为以下单位[9]:
- 凶杀及重案指挥课({{tsl|en|Homicide and Serious Crime Command|Homicide and Serious Crime Command}},SCD 1):负责谋杀、谋杀未遂及杀婴等杀人案件的侦办,调查工作由其下辖的谋杀调查组({{tsl|en|Murder Investigation Team|Murder Investigation Team}})进行[11]。该调查部也负责侦办当事人生命可能受到威胁的失踪及绑架案件[11]。其下辖单位尚有凶杀案特别工作队(Homicide Task Force)负责追踪及逮捕命案嫌犯、中央刑事法庭诉讼组(Central Criminal Court Trials Unit)负责搜集证据及与英国皇家检察署合作、特殊案件调查组(Special Projects Investigation Unit)则负责其他重大案件的调查[11]。
- 强奸及性犯罪课(Rape and Serious Sexual Offences,SCD 2):侦办涉及强奸罪及各种性犯罪的案件[12]。
- 指纹部(Fingerprint Services):负责居于英国境内人士指纹的搜集及归档作业。此外,当某些人士欲进入需要行为良好证明才准许入境的国家时,则是由该单位提供入境许可证明书[13]。
- 刑事鉴识课({{tsl|en|Forensic Services|Forensic Services Command Unit}},SCD 4):负责为伦敦32区的自治市行动组及其他警备单位提供随叫随到的司法科学鉴定。[14]
- 虐童调查队({{tsl|en|Child Abuse Investigation Team|Child Abuse Investigation Team}},SCD 5):负责侦办针对未成年人进行肉体、精神或性等虐待的犯罪事件,在大伦敦每个自治市设有19个小队协助地方上刑事侦缉科的探员,并与社工团体维持密切的联系[15]。在该单位内部设有调查杀童案件的小组、性犯罪调查小组、及处理电脑调查作业的高科技小组等。儿童保护及发展组(Safeguarding Children and Development Unit)教导如何抵抗侵犯行为,并处理受害儿童的事后善后工作,机场保护组(Ports Safeguarding Team)则监控伦敦地区的机场以确保涉及虐童案件的人士无法入境英国[15]。
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅经济及特殊犯罪课|Economic and Specialist Crime|经济及特殊犯罪课}}(Economic and Specialist Crime Command,SCD 6):负责针对重大案件及经济犯罪案件的调查,下辖单位有支票及信用卡犯罪组(Dedicated Cheque and Plastic Crime Unit)、洗钱调查组(Money Laundering Investigation Unit)、金融调查发展小组(Financial Investigation Development Units)、专门犯罪行动组(the Specialist Crime Operations Team)、被窃车辆组(the Stolen Vehicle Unit)、艺术及古董组(the Arts and Antiques Unit)、警察中央网络犯罪组(the Police Central e-crime Unit,PCeU)、野生动物犯罪组(the Wildlife Crime Unit)、引渡及国际援助组(the Extradition and International Assistance Unit)、及地区资产回复工作组(Regional Asset Recovery Team,以剥夺犯罪者所得为任务)[16]
- {{Link-en|三叉戟团伙犯罪指挥中心|Trident Gang Crime Command}}(Trident Gang Crime Command,SCD 8):负责调查伦敦黑人社区内枪支犯罪的单位,是伦敦警察较为著名的单位之一。其重点工作在于涉及枪械、且嫌犯或受害者任一方为黑人的命案,以及发生在黑人社区内、但无造成伤亡的枪械相关意外。该组亦调查无端发生的枪击及威胁射杀非持枪警员的恐吓。特拉法加行动组(Operation Trafalgar)亦隶属该组管辖之下,处理与黑人社区无关的枪击案[17]。
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅重案及组织犯罪课|Serious and Organised Crime Group|重案及组织犯罪课}}(Serious and Organised Crime Group,SCD 7):负责调查重大案件、组织性犯罪危及人类生命的案件,由中央行动队(Central Task Force)、企划组(Projects Team)、机动队({{tsl|en|Flying Squad|the Flying Squad}},或译“飞虎队”[18]、“飞蝠队”[19][20],负责侦办商业及金融抢案)、绑架特侦组(the Kidnap and Special Investigation Unit)、人质危机谈判组(the Hostage and Crisis Negotiations Unit)及情报支援组(the Intelligence Support Unit)[21]
- 秘密警务情报课({{tsl|en|Covert Policing|Covert Policing/Intelligence}},SCD 10):负责为其他警务部门提供人力对嫌犯或犯人进行暗中监控工作。负责监视的警员可以部署在伦敦警察厅辖区内的任何一个地方90分钟,亦有权得以部署在英国全境任何地方,并持有枪械。该组由技术支援组(Technical Support Unit,维护监控相关设备)、管理室(Authorities Office,处理部署权的取得)及监狱情资组(the Prison Intelligence Unit)[22]所组成。
中央行动部(Central Operations,CO)
编辑中央行动部(缩写CO)[23]负责为警察厅其他部门提供专门的职务及行动支援,包含以下单位[23]:
- CO1-中央行动本部(Central Operations HQ)
- CO3-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅应急行动指挥课|Emergency Preparedness Operational Command Unit|应急行动指挥课}}(Emergency Preparedness Operational Command Unit)
- CO5-武装指挥课(Firearms Command Unit)[24]
- CO10-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅中央通讯指挥课|Central Communications Command|指挥课}}(Central Communications Command,亦称“Metcall”)
- CO11-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅公共秩序行动指挥课|Public Order Operational Command Unit|公共秩序行动指挥课}}(Public Order Operational Command Unit),前身为公共秩序情报课(Public Order Intelligence Unit)
- CO12-2012年奥运筹备课(2012 Olympics preparation),前身为公共秩序训练课(Public Order Training)
- CO14-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅扫黄课|Metropolitan Police Clubs & Vice Unit|扫黄课}}(Clubs & Vice Unit)
- CO15-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅交通机动指挥课|Traffic Operational Command Unit|交通机动指挥课}}(Traffic Operational Command Unit)
- CO16-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅交通刑事课|Metropolitan Police Traffic Criminal Justice Unit|交通刑事课}}(Traffic Criminal Justice Unit,处理交通违规事项)
- CO19-特种枪械司令部(Specialist Firearms Command,或称“SO19”)[25][26][27]
- CO20-{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅地区支援课|Territorial Support Group|地区支援课}}(Territorial Support Group)
行动支援单位:
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅空中支援队|Metropolitan Police Air Support Unit|空中支援队}}(Air Support Unit)
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅警犬支援队|Metropolitan Police Dog Support Unit|警犬支援队}}(Dog Support Unit)
- 影剧支援队(Film Unit)
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅水警队|Metropolitan Police Marine Policing Unit|水警队}}(Marine Policing Unit)
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅骑警队|Metropolitan Police Mounted Branch|骑警队}}(Mounted Branch)
此外尚有近期成立的志愿警察特别工作/行动支援组(the {{tsl|en|Special Constabulary|Special Constables}} Tasking Unit/Operational Support Unit)大部分由志愿警察(Special Constables,志工性质[28])组成。
特殊行动部(Specialist Operations,SO)
编辑特殊行动部(缩写SO)是伦敦警察厅负责执行特殊勤务的部门。在前警察厅厅长{{Link-en|肯尼斯·纽曼|Kenneth Newman}}对伦敦警察厅进行改组之后,特殊行动部原先的20个单位大部分均被并入中央行动部的统辖之下。目前该部门被分为以下三个单位:
警备指挥科(Protection Command)
编辑该组被分为以下的专门行动单位:
- 要员保护组(Specialist Protection,SO1):替英国政府各部门的大臣或官员在会见政府首脑或其他公众人物期间担任随扈勤务。
- 皇室成员保护组(Royalty Protection,SO14):负责保护英国君主及皇室成员的基层行动指挥单位(OCU),又被分为皇族居所保护队(Residential Protection)、个人贴身保护队(Personal and Close Protection)及{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅特别护卫队|Special Escort Group (Metropolitan Police)|特别护卫队}}(SEG,运送对象除皇室成员、政府官员外尚包含贵重物品、危险物品及重罪犯)
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅外交保护组|Diplomatic Protection Group|外交保护组}}(Diplomatic Protection Group,SO6):负责保护伦敦的{{Link-en|外国驻英使馆|List of diplomatic missions in the United Kingdom|外国驻英使馆及代表处}}人员、外国访英元首或政府部门首长。
反恐指挥科(Counter Terrorism Command,SO15)
编辑由政治部及{{Link-en|伦敦警察厅反恐科|Metropolitan Police Anti-Terrorist Branch|反恐科}}于2005年合并而成的单位,首要任务是维护公众安全,及防止伦敦成为适合恐怖主义发展的环境。勤务内容包含:将恐怖活动及非法行动的参与者绳之以法、预防或瓦解恐怖活动、搜集并运用伦敦地区恐怖主义或极端主义的相关情报。
保安指挥科(Security Command)
编辑- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅西敏宫课|Palace of Westminster Division|西敏宫课}}(Palace of Westminster Division,SO17)
- {{Link-en|伦敦警察厅航空保安课|Aviation Security Operational Command Unit|航空保安课}}(Aviation Security Operational Command Unit,SO18,负责希斯洛机场、伦敦城市机场警务)
该指挥组对特殊行动部内其他单位,包括助理警监的个人办公室,提供财务、资源及人力等多方面的支援,同时也为伦敦提供更多的安全防卫及反恐事务的配合。
其他部门
编辑单位名称 | 领导人 | 任务 |
---|---|---|
公众事务总处 (Directorate of Public Affairs) |
公众事务处处长 费多遥(Dick Fedorcio) |
负责与媒体的接触、对外及对内的联系工作 |
资源总处 (Resources Directorate) |
资源总处处长 麦美儿(Anne McMeel) |
负责财务、建筑管理及设备采购工作 |
人力资源处 (Human Resources Directorate) |
人力资源处处长 铁礼田(Martin Tiplady) |
人事管理 |
情资处 (Directorate of Information) |
情资处处长 边艾彤(Ailsa Beaton) |
负责资料系统及情资相关部门,如中央通讯组(Metcall) |
注释及参考文献
编辑{{reflist}}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/policy_and_prevention.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20081105183429/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/policy_and_prevention.htm |archivedate=2008-11-05 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/about/leadership.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Leadership of the Metropolitan Police Service |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20060711093022/http://www.met.police.uk/about/leadership.htm |archivedate=2006-07-11 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/about/organisation.htm#territorial |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Organisational Structure |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20040105003029/http://www.met.police.uk/about/organisation.htm#territorial |archivedate=2004-01-05 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{Cite web |url=http://www.exam.gov.tw/public/Data/083112423271.pdf |title=治安策略暨民间化治安体系之发展趋势:以新竹市警察局之“三区共构”为例 陈明传*、李金田** |accessdate=2010-11-16 |archive-date=2018-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929191149/http://www.exam.gov.tw/public/Data/083112423271.pdf |dead-url=no }}
- ^ 中译名称来源:http://www.mpa.gov.uk/downloads/about/translation/chinese.pdf 確保警察服務能滿足倫敦市民的需要 首都警察監管局 (MPA) 是甚麼? {{Wayback|url=http://www.mpa.gov.uk/downloads/about/translation/chinese.pdf |date=20070730074308 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.mpa.gov.uk/committees/sop/2009/090903/10/?qu=transport%20ocu&sc=3&ht=1 |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2010-11-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716030649/http://www.mpa.gov.uk/committees/sop/2009/090903/10/?qu=transport%20ocu&sc=3&ht=1 |archivedate=2011-07-16 }}
- ^ http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090418001949/
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.mpa.gov.uk/downloads/issues/police-numbers/police-numbers.pdf |title=Police officer allocation |accessdate=2006-09-21 |date=2005-02-11 |work=MPA |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216025856/http://www.mpa.gov.uk/downloads/issues/police-numbers/police-numbers.pdf |archivedate=2008-02-16 }}
- ^ 9.0 9.1 {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/ |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430102647/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/ |archivedate=2009-04-30 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/about/leadership.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20081107214057/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/about/leadership.htm |archivedate=2008-11-07 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/homicide.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20070222120000/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/homicide.htm |archivedate=2007-02-22 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.mpa.gov.uk/committees/sop/2009/090903/10/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2009-10-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927171843/http://www.mpa.gov.uk/committees/sop/2009/090903/10/ |archivedate=2011-09-27 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/fingerprint_services.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20081105182533/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/fingerprint_services.htm |archivedate=2008-11-05 |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/forensic_services.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403023905/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/forensic_services.htm |archivedate=2009-04-03 }}
- ^ 15.0 15.1 {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/child_abuse.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422161504/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/child_abuse.htm |archivedate=2009-04-22 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/economic_specialist_crime.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424041206/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/economic_specialist_crime.htm |archivedate=2009-04-24 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/trident.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404040405/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/trident.htm |archivedate=2009-04-04 }}
- ^ {{Cite web |url=http://www.epochtimes.com.au/gb/10/11/16/n3085817.htm |title=大纪元 - 英国警方省钱新办法 不打电话改发短信 |accessdate=2010-11-26 |archive-date=2018-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930215303/http://www.epochtimes.com.au/gb/10/11/16/n3085817.htm |dead-url=yes }}
- ^ www.cib.gov.tw/CibSystem/Magazine/File/A/0000000339.pdf 欧洲警政交流行 {{Wayback|url=http://www.cib.gov.tw/CibSystem/Magazine/File/A/0000000339.pdf |date=20071029212527 }}文.图/陈逸峰(刑事局副局长)、章文正(刑事局国际科长)
- ^ {{Cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2003-06/17/content_922227.htm |title=::女老板执掌英国特警队:: |accessdate=2010-11-15 |archive-date=2008-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222202106/http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2003-06/17/content_922227.htm |dead-url=no }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/serious_and_organised_crime.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422213134/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/serious_and_organised_crime.htm |archivedate=2009-04-22 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/covert_policing.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Specialist Crime Directorate |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523233101/http://www.met.police.uk/scd/specialist_units/covert_policing.htm |archivedate=2009-05-23 }}
- ^ 23.0 23.1 {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/co/index.htm |title=Metropolitan Police Service – Central Operations |publisher=Met.police.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520183748/http://www.met.police.uk/co/index.htm |archivedate=2009-05-20 }}
- ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.met.police.uk/foi/pdfs/policies/prisoner_productions_policy.pdf |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2010-11-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608195311/http://www.met.police.uk/foi/pdfs/policies/prisoner_productions_policy.pdf |archivedate=2011-06-08 }}
- ^ {{Cite web |url=http://the-sun.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20091028/00423_001.html |title=伦敦特警揸冲锋枪巡逻 - 太阳报 |accessdate=2010-11-15 |archive-date=2018-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005230538/http://the-sun.on.cc/cnt/china_world/20091028/00423_001.html |dead-url=no }}
- ^ 英国的警察 It's a state of mind 的部落格 - Windows Live{{dead link|date=2018年2月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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- ^ http://www.moex.gov.tw/public/Data/0120894771.pdf 從評量設計看先進國家警察人員考試制度.pdf{{dead link|date=2017年11月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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